Abstract:Introduction
The enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) catalyse oxidation of the essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) leading to the formation of immunosuppressive kynurenine (Kyn) pathway metabolites that dampen the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Both IDO1 and TDO have been shown to be up-regulated in a variety of cancers and blockade of their activity has been shown to stimulate the anti-tumor immune response in pre-clinical animal mod… Show more
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