Abstract:Cytosine in human DNA can be modified by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and the Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET) family of oxygenases. Activity of these enzymes results in four modifications, among which 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are the major ones. Different patterns of localisation of both these modifications relate to gene transcription and the developmental origin of different cell types. Cancers have been shown to have globally altered DNA modifications, however it is poorly … Show more
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