Abstract 6464: Antidepressant use and lung cancer risk and mortality: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Objectives: Recent preclinical studies suggested potential anticancer effects of antidepressant (AD) use in multiple cancers, but the effect on lung cancer in human studies remains unclear. This meta-analysis examined the effect of AD use on lung cancer incidence and mortality. Methods: Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were searched to identify eligible studies published by June 2022. We conducted a meta-analysis using a random effects model to estimate pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for comparing those with AD use and non-use. Heterogeneity was examined using Cochran’s Q test and inconsistency I2 statistics. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Results: The meta-analysis, including 11 publications involving 1913172 participants, showed that AD use significantly increased lung cancer risk by 11% (RR= 1.11; 95% CI= 1.01, 1.22; I2= 74.3%; n= 6); however, all-cause mortality was not affected by AD use (RR= 1.05; 95% CI= 0.68, 1.58; I2= 90.1%; n= 4) while lung cancer-specific mortality could be reduced by 32% from onse study. Subgroup analysis showed that serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) were associated with an increased lung cancer risk (RR= 1.38; 95% CI= 1.07, 1.78), but selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (RR= 1.05; 95% CI=0.91, 1.21) and tricyclic antidepressants (RR= 1.09; 95% CI=0.95, 1.26) were not. In addition, variations in the definition of AD use could be the source of heterogeneity of observed effects. The quality of selected studies was good (n= 5) to fair (n= 6). Conclusions: Evidence suggests that AD use was associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer but not with all-cause mortality. More research is needed to precisely estimate the effect of AD use on lung cancer-specific mortality. (Funding: University of Central Florida Center for Behavioral Health Research and Training; Registration: PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42022350719) Citation Format: Eunkyung Lee, David Li, Yongho Park, Alice Rodriguez-Fuguet, Xiaochuan Wang, Wen Cai Zhang. Antidepressant use and lung cancer risk and mortality: A meta-analysis of observational studies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6464.