Abstract 451: Impact of Resistant Starch Diet on Atherosclerosis in the Presence of Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 10% (1 of 10) of the worldwide population and is associated with a significantly increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to the acceleration of atherosclerosis. In particular, a high incidence of atherosclerosis occurs in chronic renal failure patients with uremia, but the pathogenesis of the events that contribute to uremic atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Inflammation, vascular stiffness likely resulting from endothelial dysfunction, and accelerated atherosclerosis are considered prominent factors contributing to the high rates of CVD in CKD. Our lab aims to demonstrate structural and functional protection against atherosclerosis by resistant starch diet, will provide a rationale to evaluate its use in CKD patients. At the moment, our preliminary result shows significant increase in the bacteroidetes-to-firmicutes ratio. In addition, we observed an increase in the Ruminoccoccus genus upon RS supplementation. Next, we applied our metaproteomics analysis pipe-line to assess proteome changes between the four groups - healthy, healthy+RS, CKD, and CKD+RS. Our data shows that RS diet stimulates bacterial mass biosynthesis (characterized by highly abundant transcription/translation-related proteins) and increases bacterial proteins that may participate in host urea cycle. An understanding of the link between microbiota and development of atherosclerosis in presence of end stage renal failure is of considerable clinical relevance. Our further plans include implementing deeper statistical analysis to establish strong correlations between those changes and CKD/CVD outcome, as well as identifying a target agent for CVD treatment. In summary, our methodology results in data on both host and bacterial proteins and yields both peptide-level and protein-level information. Our studies provide a foundation for identification of peptide-level, protein-level, and organism-level biomarkers of advanced kidney disease and suggest novel therapeutic targets. There is significant potential for drugging the microbiome with dietary recommendations.