Abstract 3987: Exosomal microRNA in cell-free urine samples as a source for liquid prostate cancer biopsy

Blöndal, Thórarinn; Thomsen, Anders Eller; Krummheuer, Jörg; Borre, Michael; Fredsøe, Jacob; Haldrup, Christa; Andreasen, Ditte; Teilum, Maria Wrang; Tolstrup, Niels; Sørensen, Karina Dalsgaard; Ørntoft, Torben F.; Mouritzen, Peter

doi:10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3987

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Some investigations have reported that exosomes may even determine which organ is targeted by metastasis (18). The use of patient blood and other bodily fluids to isolate exosomes (liquid biopsy) provides a real-time, non-invasive method to monitor disease progression and determine therapy options (19–21). Additionally, exosomes are now being studied as therapeutic delivery agents for treating many diseases, including targeting CSCs (22–25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid cancer stem-like cell exosomes: regulation of EMT via transfer of lncRNAs

Hardin

Helein

Meyer

et al. 2018

Laboratory Investigation

106

109

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Thyroid cancers are the most common endocrine malignancy and approximately 2% of thyroid cancers are anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), one of the most lethal and treatment resistant human cancers. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) may initiate tumorigenesis, induce resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have multipotent capability and may be responsible for recurrent and metastatic disease. The production of CSCs has been linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the acquisition of stemness. Exosomes are small (30-150 nm) membranous vesicles secreted by most cells that play a significant role in cell-to-cell communication. Many non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), such as long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), can initiate tumorigenesis and the EMT process. Exosomes carry ncRNAs to local and distant cell populations. This study examines secreted exosomes from two in vitro cell culture models; an EMT model and a CSC model. The EMT was induced in a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell line by TGFβ1 treatment. Exosomes from this model were isolated and cultured with naïve PTC cells and examined for EMT induction. In the CSC model, exosomes were isolated from a CSC clonal line, cultured with a normal thyroid cell line and examined for EMT induction. The EMT exosomes transferred the lncRNA MALAT1 and EMT effectors SLUG and SOX2; however, EMT was not induced in this model. The exosomes from the CSC model also transferred the lncRNA MALAT1 and the transcription factors SLUG and SOX2 but additionally transferred linc-ROR and induced EMT in the normal thyroid cells. Preliminary siRNA studies directed towards linc-ROR reduced invasion. We hypothesize that CSC exosomes transfer lncRNAs, importantly linc-ROR, to induce EMT and inculcate the local tumor microenvironment and the distant metastatic niche. Therapies directed towards CSCs, their exosomes and/or the lncRNAs they carry may reduce a tumor's metastatic capacity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid cancer stem-like cell exosomes: regulation of EMT via transfer of lncRNAs

Hardin

Helein

Meyer

et al. 2018

Laboratory Investigation

106

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Exosomal microRNAs in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) breast milk: potential maternal regulators for the development of newborn cubs

Wang

Long

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The physiological role of miRNAs is widely understood to include fine-tuning the post-transcriptional regulation of a wide array of biological processes. Extensive studies have indicated that exosomal miRNAs in the bodily fluids of various organisms can be transferred between living cells for the delivery of gene silencing signals. Here, we illustrated the expression characteristics of exosomal miRNAs in giant panda breast milk during distinct lactation periods and highlighted the enrichment of immune- and development-related endogenous miRNAs in colostral and mature giant panda milk. These miRNAs are stable, even under certain harsh conditions, via the protection of extracellular vesicles. These findings indicate that breast milk may facilitate the dietary intake of maternal miRNAs by infants for the regulation of postnatal development. We also detected exogenous plant miRNAs from the primary food source of the giant panda (bamboo) in the exosomes of giant panda breast milk that were associated with regulatory roles in basic metabolism and neuron development. This result suggested that dietary plant miRNAs are absorbed by host cells and subsequently secreted into bodily fluids as potential cross-kingdom regulators. In conclusion, exosomal miRNAs in giant panda breast milk may be crucial maternal regulators for the development of intrinsic ‘slink’ newborn cubs.

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Abstract 3987: Exosomal microRNA in cell-free urine samples as a source for liquid prostate cancer biopsy

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Thyroid cancer stem-like cell exosomes: regulation of EMT via transfer of lncRNAs

Thyroid cancer stem-like cell exosomes: regulation of EMT via transfer of lncRNAs

Exosomal microRNAs in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) breast milk: potential maternal regulators for the development of newborn cubs

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