“…Cucurbitacins have been the subject of extensive scientific research due to their broad range of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antidiabetic, antifertility, antiviral, and anticancer activities [19,20,21,22,23]. Cucurbitacin B, D, E, and I (Figure 1) are the most active anticancer cucurbitacin derivatives [14,24]. Recent studies have revealed that cucurbitacins can cause cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and the suppression of cancer cell growth through inhibition of the JAK-STAT3, Wnt, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways, which play important roles in the apoptosis and survival of cancer cells [14,25].…”