Abstract:Background:
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) confers greater vulnerability to cardiovascular events. Inflammatory activation and tissue ischemia induce expression of a vasoprotective cytokine network including GDF15 and FSTL1. We sought to evaluate the clinical utility of novel vascular stress biomarkers for risk stratification in PAD.
Methods and Results:
We followed 245 PAD patients prospectively over two years for adverse cardiac events (n=40, myocard… Show more
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