Abstract 1205: Role for Nox1 NADPH Oxidase in Atherosclerosis

Sheehan, Andrea L; Takapoo, Maysam; Bánfi, Botond; Miller, Francis

doi:10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_244-c

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, when Movat staining was performed, as shown in Figure 3e , a slight increase in fibrin/fibrinoid tissues (reddish) and collagen accumulation (yellowish) were observed in the LCA media area. This parallels the analyses noted by previous studies in atherosclerotic samples, 34 , 35 and Figure 3f shows that this increase appears accelerated for severe disease. The samples selected as a mild disease in this study are representative of the early status of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Label‐free atherosclerosis diagnosis through a blood drop of apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy validated by machine learning algorithm

Lee

Jue

Cho

et al. 2023

Bioengineering & Transla Med

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The direct preventative detection of flow‐induced atherosclerosis remains a significant challenge, impeding the development of early treatments and prevention measures. This study proposes a method for diagnosing atherosclerosis in the carotid artery using nanometer biomarker measurements through surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) from single‐drop blood samples. Atherosclerotic acceleration is induced in apolipoprotein E knockout mice which underwent a partial carotid ligation and were fed a high‐fat diet to rapidly induce disturbed flow‐induced atherosclerosis in the left common carotid artery while using the unligated, contralateral right carotid artery as control. The progressive atherosclerosis development of the left carotid artery was verified by micro‐magnetic resonance imaging (micro‐MRI) and histology in comparison to the right carotid artery. Single‐drop blood samples are deposited on chips of gold‐coated ZnO nanorods grown on silicon wafers that filter the nanometer markers and provide strong SERS signals. A diagnostic classifier was established based on principal component analysis (PCA), which separates the resultant spectra into the atherosclerotic and control groups. Scoring based on the principal components enabled the classification of samples into control, mild, and severe atherosclerotic disease. The PCA‐based analysis was validated against an independent test sample and compared against the PCA‐PLS‐DA machine learning algorithm which is known for applicability to Raman diagnosis. The accuracy of the PCA modification‐based diagnostic criteria was 94.5%, and that of the machine learning algorithm 97.5%. Using a mouse model, this study demonstrates that diagnosing and classifying the severity of atherosclerosis is possible using a single blood drop, SERS technology, and machine learning algorithm, indicating the detectability of biomarkers and vascular factors in the blood which correlate with the early stages of atherosclerosis development.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Label‐free atherosclerosis diagnosis through a blood drop of apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy validated by machine learning algorithm

Lee

Jue

Cho

et al. 2023

Bioengineering & Transla Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Combating oxidative stress in vascular disease: NADPH oxidases as therapeutic targets

Drummond

Selemidis

Griendling

et al. 2011

Nat Rev Drug Discov

797

782

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NADPH oxidases are a family of enzymes that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). The NOX1 (NADPH oxidase 1) and NOX2 oxidases are the major sources of ROS in the artery wall in conditions such as hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes and ageing, and so they are important contributors to the oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation that underlies arterial remodelling and atherogenesis. In this Review, we advance the concept that compared to the use of conventional antioxidants, inhibiting NOX1 and NOX2 oxidases is a superior approach for combating oxidative stress. We briefly describe some common and emerging putative NADPH oxidase inhibitors. In addition, we highlight the crucial role of the NADPH oxidase regulatory subunit, p47phox, in the activity of vascular NOX1 and NOX2 oxidases, and suggest how a better understanding of its specific molecular interactions may enable the development of novel isoform-selective drugs to prevent or treat cardiovascular diseases.

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Abstract 1205: Role for Nox1 NADPH Oxidase in Atherosclerosis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Label‐free atherosclerosis diagnosis through a blood drop of apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy validated by machine learning algorithm

Label‐free atherosclerosis diagnosis through a blood drop of apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy validated by machine learning algorithm

Combating oxidative stress in vascular disease: NADPH oxidases as therapeutic targets

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