Absorption of Penicillin from the Nose and Alimentary Canal

Abstract

ALIMENTARY AND NASAL PENICILLIN ABSORPTION 159 status of the host. I t should be emphasized, however, that the results in swine were related wholly to effects of formolized virus, whereas the findings in man were related to the effects of possible actual infection with active virus followed by vaccination. Further, the group of swine studied had been treated under controlled conditions in contrast with the people who were chosen at random. For example, in the present work the animals with the highest titer before second vaccination were those revaccinated after the shortest interval between vaccination when conditions for response were not optimum; in the group of people, those with the highest titers may have represented either the best reactors or those recently recovered from the disease.The results of the experiments with swine were similar to those of Hirst, Rickard, Whitman and HorsfalP in indicating rapid loss in antibody titer subsequent to vaccination, regardless of the sequence of vaccination.Summary. The antibody response of swine to second vaccination with formalininactivated swine influenza virus was greatly influenced by the period between vaccinations. Second vaccination at intervals of one to four weeks resulted in antibody titers and amounts progressively greater in direct relation to the length of the interval. In parallel higher antibody levels were maintained for longer periods in those animals receiving the second vaccination after the longer intervals. Considering the height of titer after the second vaccination, together with the rapid loss of antibody after the first injection, the interval between vaccinations optimum for maintenance of the highest antibody levels appeared to be about three weeks.