Absorption of fortification iron from milk formulas in infants

Abstract

The bioavailability of iron added to different types of cows' milk formulas was studied using mono-isotopic and double-isotopic methods in 396 infants aged 5-18 mo. All the milk formulas were fortified with ferrous sulfate in concentrations varying between 10 and 19 mg elemental iron/liter. Iron absorption from low-fat milks and full-fat milks varied from 2.9 to 5.1%. A higher range of mean absorption, 5.9 to 11.3%, was observed in the same formulas with the addition of ascorbic acid at concentrations of 100 mg/l or higher (up to 800 mg/l), demonstrating its enhancing effect on iron absorption in fortified milks. The amount of milk fat, the addition of carbohydrates, or acidification did not seem to influence iron absorption.

Mode of oral iron administration and the amount of iron habitually consumed do not affect iron absorption, systemic iron utilisation or zinc absorption in iron-sufficient infants: a randomised trial

“…Nevertheless, we have previously shown that Fe intakes are not associated with either Fe absorption from infant formula or Fe stores in healthy, formulafed infants (55) . Fractional Fe absorption from infant formula in our study was comparable with previous reports (35,(61)(62)(63) . Although daily consumption of approximately 500 ml of low-Fe formula (i.e.…”

Causas y consecuencias de la deficiencia de hierro

“…Esta predisposición a desarrollar anemia es aún mayor en el prematuro debido a sus menores depósitos de hierro al nacer y requerimientos de hierro más elevados. Esta susceptibilidad también es mayor en el niño con lactancia artificial, a menos que reciba fórmulas lácteas fortificadas, ya que el contenido de hierro de la leche de vaca es bajo y este mineral es pobremente absorbido, solo un 4% 5 . Por el contrario el lactante de término alimentado con leche materna exclusiva, pese al bajo contenido de hierro de ésta, se encuentra protegido hasta los 6 meses de vida debido a la excelente biodisponibilidad del hierro de esta leche, un 50% 6 .…”

Ascorbyl palmitate/DSPE-PEG nanocarriers for oral iron delivery: Preparation, characterisation and in vitro evaluation

“…Indeed a 2:1 molar ratio of ascorbic acid to iron increases iron absorption by at least two-fold in adult women as well as infants fed fortified foods. In case of phytate rich foods a minimum molar ration of 4:1 has been recommended [8,9]. Scheers and Sandberg investigated the mechanism of ascorbic acid on iron absorption in Caco-2 cells [10] .…”