Absorption Enhancement of an Electric Quadrupole Transition of Cesium Atoms in an Evanescent Field

Tojo, Satoshi; Hasuo, Masahiro; Fujimoto, Takashi

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.92.053001

Cited by 73 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…For example, the evanescent field of a plane wave totally internally reflected at an interface takes on a well-known form [12,13]. For sake of comparison, the system described in Ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This transition was the subject of a theoretical and experimental study utilizing the inhomogeneous evanescent field at total internal reflection to mediate the otherwise nearly unobservable absorption [13]. The 5d shell of cesium is initially empty, and so the transition rate must be summed over all m = −2, .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For sake of comparison, the system described in Ref. [13] was reproduced with the formulation given in this paper, assuming λ = 685 nm and a glass prism with n = 1.456 in vacuum. For the simpler case of s polarization, this leads to the expected enhancement of F Q ∼ 3 at the interface, decreasing with the distance from the glass surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strong enhancement of forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures

Kern

Martin

2012

Phys. Rev. A

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We investigate the mediation of symmetry-forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures. We show that the excitation of the electric dipole-forbidden, quadrupole-allowed 6 2 S 1/2 − 5 2 D 5/2 transition in cesium may be enhanced by more than 6 orders of magnitude in the intense, inhomogeneous near field of a plasmonic nanoantenna. Using optical reciprocity, the enhancement can be understood to apply to spontaneous emission as well, allowing the fast and efficient optical detection of excited atoms.

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“…For example, the evanescent field of a plane wave totally internally reflected at an interface takes on a well-known form [12,13]. For sake of comparison, the system described in Ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Strong enhancement of forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures

Kern

Martin

2012

Phys. Rev. A

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“…5 Attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy takes advantage of the evanescent field whose intensity decreases exponentially away from the surface [6][7][8] and, although in the case of atomic spectroscopy, the quadrupole response was observed. 9,10 In addition to this, surface plasmon has recently been widely adopted to enhance spectroscopic signals. Among others, surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) would be the most popular technique that takes advantage of the electric nearfields of surface plasmon in the close vicinity of metal nanostructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized theoretical method for the interaction between arbitrary nonuniform electric field and molecular vibrations: Toward near-field infrared spectroscopy and microscopy

Iwasa

Takenaka

Taketsugu

2016

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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A theoretical method to compute infrared absorption spectra when a molecule is interacting with an arbitrary nonuniform electric field such as near-fields is developed and numerically applied to simple model systems. The method is based on the multipolar Hamiltonian where the light-matter interaction is described by a spatial integral of the inner product of the molecular polarization and applied electric field. The computation scheme is developed under the harmonic approximation for the molecular vibrations and the framework of modern electronic structure calculations such as the density functional theory. Infrared reflection absorption and near-field infrared absorption are considered as model systems. The obtained IR spectra successfully reflect the spatial structure of the applied electric field and corresponding vibrational modes, demonstrating applicability of the present method to analyze modern nanovibrational spectroscopy using near-fields. The present method can use arbitral electric fields and thus can integrate two fields such as computational chemistry and electromagnetics. C 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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“…Spectroscopic studies of E2 transitions in vapors are generally hindered by Dopplerbroadening, and in most cases averaged over the internal structure of the E2 transition (e.g. hyperfine multiplets) [7,8]. A noteworthy exception is the early work by Weber and Sansonetti [9] who performed resonantly enhanced stepwise excitation to high lying states of Cesium, using the 5D 3/2 level as the intermediates state.…”

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confidence: 99%

Doppler-free approach to optical pumping dynamics in the 6S_1/2−5D_5/2 electric quadrupole transition of cesium vapor

et al. 2016

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The 6S 1/2 − 5D 5/2 electric quadrupole transition is investigated in Cesium vapor at room temperature via nonlinear Doppler-free 6P-6S-5D three-level spectroscopy. Frequency-resolved studies of individual E2 hyperfine lines allow one to analyze optical pumping dynamics, polarization selection rules and line intensities. It opens the way to studies of transfer of light orbital angular momentum to atoms, and the influence of metamaterials on E2 line spectra. © 2018 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (020.2930) Hyperfine structure; (300.6420) Spectroscopy, nonlinear; (300.6210) Spectroscopy, atomic; (140.0140) Lasers and laser optics http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.41.002005With the appearance of laser sources, nonlinear Doppler-free Laser Spectroscopy (DFLS) has undergone a very fast development. It has been utilized for atomic and molecular spectral analyses, collisional studies in the vapor phase and investigation of fundamental processes [1,2]. Up to now, in atomic physics, DFLS has been mainly performed by using laser sources resonant for electric-dipole (E1) transitions. Dipoleforbidden transitions, particularly electric quadrupole (E2) transitions, are important in new avenues of atomic physics for fundamental studies like parity violation [3] or devising of ultrahigh-accuracy optical clocks [4][5][6]. Spectroscopic studies of E2 transitions in vapors are generally hindered by Dopplerbroadening, and in most cases averaged over the internal structure of the E2 transition (e.g. hyperfine multiplets) [7,8]. A noteworthy exception is the early work by Weber and Sansonetti [9] who performed resonantly enhanced stepwise excitation to high lying states of Cesium, using the 5D 3/2 level as the intermediates state. In this way, they have been able to get Doppler-free spectra and resolve the hyperfine lines of the 6S 1/2 − 5D 3/2 E2 transition. Recent studies include Dopplerfree 5p-6p transitions in Rubidium [10] and magnetic-fieldmixing of forbidden hyperfine transitions of Cs D2 line [11]. Another well-explored approach to study the internal structure of highly-excited D levels of alkalis and measure their energy makes use of Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy [12,13]. In this letter we analyze Doppler-free hyperfine spectral lines of the Cs 6S 1/2 − 5D 5/2 E2 transition, as observed via threelevel Raman-type nonlinear spectroscopy [14][15][16] on the 6P-6S-5D coupled system. We investigate polarization properties and optical pumping processes responsible for the E2 spectral line intensities, demonstrating the important role played by transit time relaxation. This work should pave the way to investigate such specific properties as transfer of non-zero e.m. orbital angular momentum to atomic systems [17,18], vapor-surface physics [7,8] and atomic gas combined with nanostructured interface [19][20][21].To investigate Doppler-free spectroscopic characteristics on an E2 transition, we address the 6S 1/2 → 6D 5/2 transition of Cesium at λ = 685 nm (Fig. 1). This E2 line has a transition rate of γ 5D−6S = 2π · 3.5...

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Absorption Enhancement of an Electric Quadrupole Transition of Cesium Atoms in an Evanescent Field

Cited by 73 publications

References 12 publications

Strong enhancement of forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures

Strong enhancement of forbidden atomic transitions using plasmonic nanostructures

Generalized theoretical method for the interaction between arbitrary nonuniform electric field and molecular vibrations: Toward near-field infrared spectroscopy and microscopy

Doppler-free approach to optical pumping dynamics in the 6S_1/2−5D_5/2 electric quadrupole transition of cesium vapor

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