Specially designed spectroelectrochemical cells were
used to record UV−vis absorption and magnetic circular
dichroism (MCD) spectral data of the phthalocyanine ring-reduced
dianion, [ZnPc(−4)]2-, in
situ at room
temperature. [ZnPc(−4)]2- was
generated at cryogenic temperatures through photoreduction of a
vitrified dimethyl
formamide/hydrazine hydrate solution using hydrazine as the electron
donor. Molecular orbital calculations for
[ZnPc(−(2 +
n))]-
n
(n
= −1−4) species were performed through the use of the ZINDO
program. The approach
that was developed previously to assign the major π → π* and π*
→ π* transitions in the optical spectrum of
[ZnPc(−3)]-, which was based on analysis of the
relative signs and intensities of close lying Faraday B terms
in
the MCD spectrum, is used here to assign the major bands seen in the
spectrum of [ZnPc(−4)]2-. The
spectrum
is dominated by a π* → π* transition out of the partially filled
lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)
which gives rise to a pair of oppositely-signed, coupled B terms in the
MCD spectrum at 506 and 620 nm. The
Q transition of the phthalocyanine ring is assigned to a weak
absorption band at 865 nm, while the second π →
π* transition is assigned to a band at 370 nm. The band
assignment scheme is extended to data that have been
reported previously for more highly ring-reduced main group
[MPc(−5)]3- and
[MPc(−6)]4- species (M =
Mg,
Zn). The Q band of [MgPc(−5)]3-
is assigned to a band at 1125 nm. Bands at 589 and 825 nm are
assigned to
π* → π* transitions out of the partially occupied Jahn−Teller
split eg* LUMO. The second π → π*
transition
is assigned to a band at 338 nm. As the LUMO is fully occupied,
the spectrum of [MgPc(−6)]4- is
dominated
by π* → π* bands at 625 and 840 nm. An additional band at
305 nm is assigned to the second π → π* transition.
A general band assignment scheme is proposed for both main group
and transition metal phthalocyanine anion
species.