Absorption and Distribution of 14C-Labeled Condensed Tannins and Related Sorghum Phenolics in Chickens

Jimenez-Ramsey, Lilian Mary; Rogler, J. C.; Housley, Tom L.; Butler, Larry G.; Elkin, Robert G.

doi:10.1021/jf00040a024

Cited by 108 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The present results strongly suggest that these 'oligomers' were either monomers or other contaminants abundant in such radiolabelled plant extracts (Déprez & Scalbert, 1999). In contrast, the absence of any significant absorption of procyanidin dimers observed in the present study fits well with two other studies in chickens (Jimenez-Ramsey et al 1994) or sheep (Terrill et al 1994) where radiolabelled proanthocyanidins with higher degrees of polymerization were similarly used. They are also in agreement with a more recent study where catechin and epicatechin but no dimers could be detected in the plasma of rats administered a grapeseed extract by stomach intubation .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Procyanidins were reported in the urine of rats and mice after consumption of grapeseed extracts, but detection was based on radioactivity levels that may have originated from monomers, other components of the extract, or metabolites (Laparra et al 1977;Harmand & Blanquet, 1978). In contrast, studies in chickens and sheep indicated that polymeric fractions free of monomers were not absorbed (Jimenez-Ramsey et al 1994;Terrill et al 1994), but these animal models are not generally indicators of human bioavailability. In cultured human intestinal Caco-2 cells, a well-established model of human intestinal absorption, similar levels of monomers and oligomers were absorbed in comparison with polymers which were not absorbed (Déprez et al 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B<SUB>3</SUB>

Donovan¹,

Manach²,

Rios³

et al. 2002

British Journal of Nutrition

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Flavanols are the most abundant flavonoids in the human diet where they exist as monomers, oligomers and polymers. In the present study, catechin, the procyanidin dimer B 3 and a grapeseed extract containing catechin, epicatechin and a mixture of procyanidins were fed to rats in a single meal. After the meals, catechin and epicatechin were present in conjugated forms in both plasma and urine. In contrast, no procyanidins or conjugates were detected in the plasma or urine of any rats. Procyanidins were not cleaved into bioavailable monomers and had no significant effects on the plasma levels or urinary excretion of the monomers when supplied together in the grapeseed extract. We conclude that the nutritional effects of dietary procyanidins are unlikely to be due to procyanidins themselves or monomeric metabolites with the intact flavonoid-ring structure, as they do not exist at detectable concentrations in vivo. Future research should focus on other procyanidin metabolites such as phenolic acids and on the effects of the unabsorbed oligomers and polymers on the human gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B<SUB>3</SUB>

Donovan¹,

Manach²,

Rios³

et al. 2002

British Journal of Nutrition

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“…23) Generally, polyphenol absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion are governed by chemical structures, and the biological activities of polyphenols differ according to their components and absorption. [24][25][26][27][28] For this reason, dimeric-, trimeric-, and tetrameric polyphenols have recently been given much attention since they have high biological activity and good absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Grape Seed Polyphenols against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress

Fujii¹,

Yokozawa²,

Kim³

et al. 2006

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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We aimed to clarify whether grape seed polyphenols (GSPs) are candidates therapeutic agents against diabetes mellitus, and to determine what degree of GSP oligomerization has the most potent efficacy. We studied the protective effects of various molecular weight GSPs (monomer, oligomer, polymer, and oligonol) on high glucose-induced cytotoxicity. In the present study, a high concentration of glucose (30 mM) induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide) in cultured LLC-PK 1 cells, but treatment with GSPs, especially oligomer GSPs, had potent protective effects against high glucose-induced oxidative stress. In addition, high glucose induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B, and increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and bax, but GSP treatment inhibited them. These results indicate that GSPs have protective effects against high glucose-induced cytotoxicity, and among them, oligomer GSPs have more potent effects than other GSPs (monomer, polymer, and oligonol) on high glucose-induced renal cell damage.

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“…It is well known that tannin in diets with combines with nutrients especially protein, decreasing the digestibility of nutrients in diets, which is possibly associated with low level of FI and BWG. The effects of condensed tannin are generally associated with low FI and poor growth performance since the condensed tannin in diets are not absorbed but completely excreted (Jimenez-Ramsey et al, 1994). On the other hand, hydrolyzed tannins in diets are hydrolyzed in digestive system and absorbed but not completely excreted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Hydrolysable Oak Tannins on the Quail Performance

Karaman

AZİZE

Ekinci

2016

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

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In the present study effects of different levels of hydrolyzed oak tannin on Japanese quail, live body weight and live body weight gain, food intake, food conversion efficiency and mortality rate were investigated. Therefore, a total of 240 quails were weighed and divided into 4 treatment groups each with 3 replicates containing 20 birds and reared in flat for 42 days as experimental period. While one of the groups was fed control diet with no additives (0% tannin A), other groups were fed with the different percentages of tannin on their diets, which are 0.5% (B), 1.0% (C), 1.5% (D) respectively. It has been observed that Japanese quails that fed the oak tannin containing diet had slower growth rate and poorer feed conversion efficiency and high mortality rate than birds fed with a tannin-free diet.

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Absorption and Distribution of 14C-Labeled Condensed Tannins and Related Sorghum Phenolics in Chickens

Cited by 108 publications

References 10 publications

Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B<SUB>3</SUB>

Procyanidins are not bioavailable in rats fed a single meal containing a grapeseed extract or the procyanidin dimer B<SUB>3</SUB>

Protective Effect of Grape Seed Polyphenols against High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress

Effects of the Hydrolysable Oak Tannins on the Quail Performance

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