Absorption and Degradation of Individual Intact Glucosinolates in the Digestive Tract of Rodents

Michaelsen, Søren; Otte, Jeanette; Simonsen, Lars-Ole; Sørensen, Hilmer

doi:10.1080/09064709409410178

Cited by 36 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As animal and cell culture studies provide in- creasing evidence that isothiocyanates are the main glucosinolate breakdown products responsible for this bene¢cial e¡ect in human health [7,8], knowledge of the bioavailability of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates following ingestion of Brassica becomes more crucial [12]. The importance of intestinal bacteria in the biotransformation and biological activities of food-borne glucosinolates is clearly established [5,6,13,14]; yet little is known of the nature of breakdown products. Palop et al [15] report the formation of AITC upon incubation of a Lactobacillus agilis strain with sinigrin, but the relevance of this bacterial species to the human colonic micro£ora is unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

Elfoul

2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A human digestive strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was tested for its ability to metabolise sinigrin, a glucosinolate commonly found in Brassica vegetables. Gnotobiotic rats harbouring the bacterial strain were orally dosed with 50 Wmol sinigrin. HPLC analysis of the digestive contents showed that sinigrin was degraded in the large bowel, where B. thetaiotaomicron was established at a high level. Concurrently, a hydrolysis product of sinigrin, allyl isothiocyanate, was identified by GC-MS analysis, following headspace solid-phase microextraction of the digestive contents; its production peaked at ca. 200 nmol, 12 h after dosing. This is the first study to demonstrate in vivo the involvement of a human colonic predominant bacterium in the bioconversion of a dietary glucosinolate to a potentially anticarcinogenic isothiocyanate. ß

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

Elfoul

2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…Based on these human data, there seems to be no doubt about the importance of the gut microflora in the intestinal ITC formation but interindividual differences in the appearance of bacterial strains exhibiting myrosinase activity may result in very different hydrolytic activities as shown by the apparent discrepancies [156].…”

Section: Colonic Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…proteins and peptides, (iii) further GLS and myrosinase release followed by (iv) GLS breakdown as a result of cell rupture [156,158]. Plant-derived myrosinase seems to contribute significantly to the GLS hydrolysis in vivo and thus food processing prior to the ingestion is an important factor to ensure the formation of the desired ITCs from precursor GLSs prior or during digestion.…”

Section: Gastric and Small Intestinal Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They observed a transport rate that was structure and side chain dependent (0.39 and 0.18 lmol h -1 g -1 for benzyl and allyl GLS, respectively) [156]. When studying the transport rate it was shown that GLS are likely to be absorbed by passive diffusion or facilitated transport while active transport was excluded [156,172,175]. The relevance of a possible absorption of intact GLS in humans could so far not be confirmed [176].…”

Section: Colonic Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glucosinolates inBrassicavegetables: The influence of the food supply chain on intake, bioavailability and human health

Verkerk¹,

Schreiner

Krumbein

et al. 2009

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

507

415

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Glucosinolates (GLSs) are found in Brassica vegetables. Examples of these sources include cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower and various root vegetables (e.g. radish and turnip). A number of epidemiological studies have identified an inverse association between consumption of these vegetables and the risk of colon and rectal cancer. Animal studies have shown changes in enzyme activities and DNA damage resulting from consumption of Brassica vegetables or isothiocyanates, the breakdown products (BDP) of GLSs in the body. Mechanistic studies have begun to identify the ways in which the compounds may exert their protective action but the relevance of these studies to protective effects in the human alimentary tract is as yet unproven. In vitro studies with a number of specific isothiocyanates have suggested mechanisms that might be the basis of their chemoprotective effects. The concentration and composition of the GLSs in different plants, but also within a plant (e.g. in the seeds, roots or leaves), can vary greatly and also changes during plant development. Furthermore, the effects of various factors in the supply chain of Brassica vegetables including breeding, cultivation, storage and processing on intake and bioavailability of GLSs are extensively discussed in this paper.

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“…The amount of the meal that can be added is limited, not only by the concentration of glucosinolates and products thereof, but also by the relatively high content of DF (Bjergegaard et al, 1991;Danielsen et al, 1994;Michaelsen et al, 1994). There are several proposed methods for lowering the level of DF by technological processing, such as dehulling, air stream fractionation, or the mycoenzyme degradation of DF components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on enzymatic fractionation, chemical composition and biological effects of dietary fibre in rape seed (<i>Brassica napus L.</i>). 1. Chemical composition of seeds and characteristics of soluble and insoluble dietary fibre of spring and winter type varieties of double improved oilseed rape

Ochodzki¹,

Rakowska²,

Bjergegaard³

et al. 1995

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Dark-seeded double improved Polish rape seed varieties (Brassica napus L.) (38 samples) were included in this study, with the main purpose of investigating their dietary fibre (DF) components. The chemical composition of unprocessed defatted seeds was determined, including analyses of neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergent fibre, as well as insoluble (IDF), and soluble (SDF) dietary fibre. In eight samples (four spring type and four winter type rape seed) the prevalent DF fraction was IDF occurring in amounts from 27.6 to 34.0% of dry defatted matter (DDM), while SDF accounted for 3.8 to 6.1% of DDM. Arabinose and galactose were the prevalent monosaccharides in both fractions of DF. The DF fractions were associated with protein which was not digested by pepsin and pancreatin used in the isolation procedure. Protein associated with SDF ranged from 7.6 to 18.1% while protein associated with IDF ranged from 28.4 to 41.5% of the total protein content in rape seed. The amino acid composition of protein associated with IDF differed distinctly from that associated with SDF. Protein bound to IDF had an amino acid composition similar to that of whole rape seed, while protein associated with SDF had an extremely high content of lysine, cysteine, and serine, but a low content of methionine and phenylalanine.

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Absorption and Degradation of Individual Intact Glucosinolates in the Digestive Tract of Rodents

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

Formation of allyl isothiocyanate from sinigrin in the digestive tract of rats monoassociated with a human colonic strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

Glucosinolates inBrassicavegetables: The influence of the food supply chain on intake, bioavailability and human health

Studies on enzymatic fractionation, chemical composition and biological effects of dietary fibre in rape seed (<i>Brassica napus L.</i>). 1. Chemical composition of seeds and characteristics of soluble and insoluble dietary fibre of spring and winter type varieties of double improved oilseed rape

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