Absolute yield measurement of the reaction27Al(?, 2pn)24Na

Johnsson, B.; Järund, Andreas; Forkman, B.

doi:10.1007/bf01435764

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The beam intensity was monitored with a Wilsontype thick Chamber counter at INS, but the photonintensity used in the yield calculation for £0 ^ 100 MeV was obtained from the monitor reaction ^''Al(y,2pn)2'^Na [21], and that for £0^68 MeV was from i®^Au(y,n)i®®Au [22]. The yield values for the latter monitor reaction were systematically lower by a factor of 1.19 than the values in the present paper (see sec.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photospallation of Complex Nuclei at Intermediate Energies. I

et al. 1991

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Data are presented for photospallation yields from "^Au, '"La, '"Cs, '"I, ®'Y, "Co and "V targets measured at bremsstrahlung end-point energies (£0) from 30 to 1050 MeV in steps of 100 MeV or less with the aid of suitable radiochemical Separation. The measurements were performed for 40 nuclides from "^Au, 52 from '"La, 44 from '"Cs, 28 from '"I, 31 from ®'Y, 27 from "Co and 22 from "V. The observed yields were either independent or cumulative. For the latter, the precursor-corrected values are also presented. The present results are compared with the available literature data in a form of EQdependence. Isomer yield ratios for 38 pairs were also studied in terms of EQ-, target mass-and spin-dependence.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photospallation of Complex Nuclei at Intermediate Energies. I

et al. 1991

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“…The recoil velocity ν after the first step of the photon-reaction was found to be quite different from those of the proton-induced reaction, reflecting the difference in the reaction mechanism at the initial step. On the other hand, the mean kinetic energies T of 24 Na in the second step at E 0 Ն 600 MeV appeared to be equal to those at 0.18Ϫ300-GeV protons. The T values of 24 Na were well reproduced by the PICA code at E 0 ϭ 60 and 65 MeV, but were overestimated by factors of more than two in the (3,3) resonance region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…On the other hand, the mean kinetic energies T of 24 Na in the second step at E 0 Ն 600 MeV appeared to be equal to those at 0.18Ϫ300-GeV protons. The T values of 24 Na were well reproduced by the PICA code at E 0 ϭ 60 and 65 MeV, but were overestimated by factors of more than two in the (3,3) resonance region. The average kinetic energy carried off by an evaporated particle approximated by ε s ϭ T/(∆A/At), At being target mass number and ∆A the difference between product mass number A p and A t , was also deduced for the photo-and proton-reactions on 27 Al and nat Cu in the limiting region of E 0 Ն 600 MeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Recoil properties of radionuclides formed in photospallation reactions on complex nuclei at intermediate energies

Haba¹,

Matsumara²,

Sakamoto³

et al. 2000

Radiochimica Acta

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Photospallation / Recoil properties / Bremsstrahlung / Thick-target thick-catcher method / Two-step vector velocity model / Photon-induced intranuclear cascade analysisSummary. The recoil properties of 14, 24, 26, 31, 21 and 20 radionuclides formed in photospallation reactions on nat V, nat Cu, 93 Nb, nat Ag, nat Ta, and 197 Au, respectively, induced by bremsstrahlung of end-point energies (E 0 ) from 600 to 1100 MeV, have been investigated using the thick-target thick-catcher method based on the two-step vector model. The measured forward-to-backward ratios (F/B) were found to be independent of the mass difference (∆A) between a product (A p ) and a target (A t ) and also of A t . The recoil velocities ν from the first step and the mean kinetic energies T of the residual nuclei in the second step were deduced and discussed by comparing with the reported results on proton-induced reactions. A comparison with T values calculated by the PICA (Photon-Induced Intranuclear Cascade Analysis) code at E 0 ϭ 400 MeV was also performed. It was found that although the code well reproduces the experimental results of nat V and nat Cu, the same calculation for heavier targets gives T values lower than the experimental results, indicating some nuclear-structure effect, such as a medium effect notably at A t Ն 100. The parameter values of ε s ϭ T/(∆A/At), the average kinetic energy of the emitted particles in a random-walk process of both the photonand proton-reactions, were found to increase along with an increase of A t, but change slopes to become constant above A t ϭ 100.

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“…In addition, two Bi 2 O 3 disks of 1.6 g/cm 2 in thickness and 2.5 cm in diameter were irradiated separately at E 0 = 1000, 700 and 450 MeV. The photon intensities evaluated from the monitor reaction of 27 Al(γ, 2 pn) 24 Na [48,49] were 10 9 -10 10 equivalent quanta per second (eq.q./s). A typical irradiation period was 3 h. Details of the irradiation were almost the same as described in the previous papers [1,2,5].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photofission of²⁰⁹Bi at intermediate energies

Haba¹,

Kasaoka²,

Igarashi³

et al. 2002

Radiochimica Acta

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Photofission / 209 Bi / Bremsstrahlung / Intermediate energies / Thick-target thick-catcher method / Charge and mass yield distributionsSummary. The reaction yields of 63 radionuclides with the mass number A = 56 − 135 produced in the photofission of 209 Bi by bremsstrahlung of end-point energies (E 0 ) from 450 to 1100 MeV have been measured using a catcher foil technique with the aid of intensive chemical separation. The charge distribution was well reproduced by a Gaussian function with the most probable charge (Z p ) expressed by a linear function of A, i.e., Z p = RA + S, and with the A-independent full width at half maximum (FWHM CD ). The charge distribution parameters R, S and FWHM CD were independent of E 0 above 600 MeV, reflecting the resonance nature in photonuclear reactions at intermediate energies. The weighted mean values at E 0 ≥ 600 MeV were R = 0.421 ± 0.001, S = 0.6 ± 0.1 and FWHM CD = 2.1 ± 0.1 charge unit (c.u.). The numbers of pre-and post-fission neutrons were deduced to be ν pre = 12 ± 1 and ν post = 1.4 ± 0.3, respectively, assuming the Unchanged Charge Distribution (UCD). Based on the charge distribution parameters, the symmetric mass yield distributions with the most probable mass A p of 96 ± 1 mass unit (m.u.) and the width FWHM MD of 33 ± 1 m.u. were also obtained. The characteristics of the charge and mass yield distributions are discussed by referring to those for 197 Au based on the results of calculations using the Photon-induced Intranuclear Cascade Analysis code combined with the Generalized Evaporation Model (PICA3/GEM).

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Absolute yield measurement of the reaction27Al(?, 2pn)24Na

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Photospallation of Complex Nuclei at Intermediate Energies. I

Photospallation of Complex Nuclei at Intermediate Energies. I

Recoil properties of radionuclides formed in photospallation reactions on complex nuclei at intermediate energies

Photofission of²⁰⁹Bi at intermediate energies

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Absolute yield measurement of the reaction27Al(?, 2pn)24Na

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Photospallation of Complex Nuclei at Intermediate Energies. I

Photospallation of Complex Nuclei at Intermediate Energies. I

Recoil properties of radionuclides formed in photospallation reactions on complex nuclei at intermediate energies

Photofission of209Bi at intermediate energies

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Photofission of²⁰⁹Bi at intermediate energies