Absolute efficiency of channeltron electron multipliers for 10–100 keV X-rays

Absolute ion detection efficiencies of microchannel plates and funnel microchannel plates for multi-coincidence detection

“…E-mail addresses: fehre@atom.uni-frankfurt.de (K. Fehre), doerner@atom.uni-frankfurt.de (R. Dörner), schoeffler@atom.uni-frankfurt.de (M. S. Schöffler) to 90 % are nowadays commercially available and several experiments have already demonstrated their increased efficiency [8]. Typically, the MCP efficiency is determined by comparison to other detection schemes [9][10][11][12][13][14], as for example, to measured ion currents in a Faraday cup. So far, only few experiments determined the absolute detection efficiency directly [15,16].…”

“…However, as a minimum wall thickness of the pores has to be maintained to ensure mechanical stability, novel approaches to expand the pores only near the surface have been developed: By means of new etching methods so called "funnel" MCPs [7] with greatly increased OAR of up to 90 % are nowadays commercially available and several experiments have already demonstrated their increased efficiency [8]. Typically, the MCP efficiency is determined by comparison to other detection schemes [9][10][11][12][13][14], as for example, to measured ion currents in a Faraday cup. So far, only few experiments determined the absolute detection efficiency directly [15,16].…”