Absolute and Relative Load and Injury in Elite Junior Australian Football Players Over 1 Season

Lathlean, Timothy; Gastin, Paul B.; Newstead, Stuart; Finch, Caroline F.

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0100

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…9 Also, in elite junior Australian football players, low and high 1-week and season loads were associated with significantly higher risk of injury. 26 In injured MF in this study, GPS variables for only the 1-week period were related to noncontact injuries in the lower extremities. Moreover, Hulin et al 13 reported higher external workload over the 4-week period (chronic) as having a protective effect for injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

The relationship between global positioning system variables and injury occurrences in female field hockey

Choi

Taegyu

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

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The noncontact and soft-tissue injuries to lower extremities that occur as a result of excessive running loads are largely preventable. This study investigated the relationship between global positioning system variables and noncontact soft-tissue injuries in female field hockey players based on their position on the field. Fifty-two players enrolled in the Korea National Team were monitored using global positioning system units in game-based training and competitions. The measurements obtained were total distance covered, high-intensity running distance, work–rest ratio, meters per minute, repeated high-intensity effort bouts, maximal velocity, and acceleration and deceleration bouts. Noncontact soft-tissue injuries in lower extremities were documented throughout the same period. For measuring the absolute external workload of each global positioning system variable, players’ data were averaged for 1- and 4-week periods before they were injured (injury-related block), averaging values across 1 and 4 weeks before the injury-related block (non-injury block), as well as averaging values from the beginning of the data collection to the point of injury (total average). These blocks were compared to each other and to the corresponding total averages for the 1- and 4-week periods, depending on their position on the field. Of the 52 players, 28 players (8 forwards, 11 midfielders, and 9 defenders) injured their lower extremities for a total of 38 injuries. Of these injuries, 11 occurred in forwards, 17 occurred in midfielders, and 10 occurred in defenders with some players experiencing more than one injury. Different positions on the field have different global positioning system variables related to the occurrence of noncontact soft-tissue injuries in lower extremities, but there was a significant difference in global positioning system variable of injury-related block for only the 4-week period among their position on the field. Especially, increases in high-intensity running distance and repeated high-intensity effort bouts of defenders during the 4-week period were significantly related to the occurrence of injuries. To decrease the risk of injury in female field hockey players, different global positioning system variables should be monitored and modified in planned future training or competitions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

The relationship between global positioning system variables and injury occurrences in female field hockey

Choi

Taegyu

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P:

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“…The high volumes of concurrent training experienced by the players (22–23 km/week, 5–6 km/week above 4 m/s) is characteristic of an Australian football preseason and certainly interfered with improvements in the CMJ [ 19 , 27 ]. Absence of improvements to CMJ performance metrics during preseason training has been reported previously in elite Australian football [ 18 ] and elite rugby union [ 28 ], while these measures often peak several weeks into the competitive season [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed versus Focused Resistance Training during an Australian Football Pre-Season

James

Haycraft

Pierobon

et al. 2020

JFMK

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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of a focused versus mixed-methods strength-power training plan on athletes undertaking high volumes of concurrent training. Fourteen junior elite male Australian football players were randomly assigned into either the focused or mixed group. Both training groups undertook a sequenced training intervention consisting of a four-week mesocycle emphasising heavy strength followed by a four-week mesocycle of high velocity emphasis. Training differed between groups by way of the degree of emphasis placed on the targeted attribute in each cycle and occurred during the preseason. Testing occurred pre- and post-training and consisted of the unloaded and loaded (+20 kg) countermovement jump (CMJ). Focused training elicited practical (non-trivial) improvements in flight time to contraction ratio (FT:CT) (g = 0.45, ±90% confidence interval 0.49) underpinned by a small reduction in contraction time (g = −0.46, ±0.45) and a small increase in braking (g = 0.36, ±0.42) and concentric phase mean force (g = 0.22, ±0.39). Conversely, the mixed group demonstrated an unchanged FT:CT (g = −0.13, ±0.56). Similar respective changes occurred in the loaded condition. Preferential improvements in FT:CT occur when a greater focus is placed on a targeted physical quality in a sequenced training plan of junior elite Australian football players during preseason training.

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“…7 Here, we reproduced a J shape between sRPE and injury occurring on the same day for elite youth handballers but not for the relative training load described by the ACWR in the same cohort. In Lathlean et al, 29 a U shape was discovered between training load and the risk of future injury in an Australian football cohort. These findings might suggest that the training load and injury relationship is different for different sports and populations.…”

Section: Evidence Of Non-linearity In Training Load and Injury Risk Relationship Researchmentioning

confidence: 96%

Not straightforward: modelling non-linearity in training load and injury research

Bache-Mathiesen

Andersen

Dalen-Lorentsen

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesTo determine whether the relationship between training load and injury risk is non-linear and investigate ways of handling non-linearity.MethodsWe analysed daily training load and injury data from three cohorts: Norwegian elite U-19 football (n=81, 55% male, mean age 17 years (SD 1)), Norwegian Premier League football (n=36, 100% male, mean age 26 years (SD 4)) and elite youth handball (n=205, 36% male, mean age 17 years (SD 1)). The relationship between session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and probability of injury was estimated with restricted cubic splines in mixed-effects logistic regression models. Simulations were carried out to compare the ability of seven methods to model non-linear relationships, using visualisations, root-mean-squared error and coverage of prediction intervals as performance metrics.ResultsNo relationships were identified in the football cohorts; however, a J-shaped relationship was found between sRPE and the probability of injury on the same day for elite youth handball players (p<0.001). In the simulations, the only methods capable of non-linear modelling relationships were the quadratic model, fractional polynomials and restricted cubic splines.ConclusionThe relationship between training load and injury risk should be assumed to be non-linear. Future research should apply appropriate methods to account for non-linearity, such as fractional polynomials or restricted cubic splines. We propose a guide for which method(s) to use in a range of different situations.

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Absolute and Relative Load and Injury in Elite Junior Australian Football Players Over 1 Season

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

The relationship between global positioning system variables and injury occurrences in female field hockey

The relationship between global positioning system variables and injury occurrences in female field hockey

Mixed versus Focused Resistance Training during an Australian Football Pre-Season

Not straightforward: modelling non-linearity in training load and injury research

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