Absolute Alpha Standardization with Liquid Scintillators

Basson, J.K.; Steyn, J.

doi:10.1088/0370-1298/67/3/121

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although the principal use of liquid scintillation counting is the assay of low--energy beta emitting nuclides, It has been known for more than two decades that slpha particles could be counted effectively by this technique (1). The use of liquid scintillation for.…”

Section: Tntroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid scintillation alpha counting and spectrometry and its application to bone and tissue samples

1976

The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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Three methods for determination of alpha-emitting nuclides using liauid scintillation counting are compared, and the pertinent literature is reviewed. Data showing the application of each method to the measurement of plutoniura concentration in tissue and bone samples are presented. Counting with a commercial beta-liquid scintillation counter and an aqueous-phase-accepting scintillator is shown to be accurate only in cases where the alpha activity is high (several hundred counts/min or more), only gross alpha counting is desired, and beta-ganuna emitters are known to be absent from the sample or present at low levels compared with the alpha activity. Counting with the same equipment and an aqueous imrciscible scintillator containing an extractant for the nuclide of interest (extractive scintillator) is shown to allow better control of alpha peak shift due to quenching, a significant reduction of betagamma interference, and, usually, a low background. The desirability of using a multichannel pulse-height analyzer in the above two counting methods is stressed. The use of equipment and procedures designed for alpha liquid scintillation counting is shown to allow alpha spectrometry with an energy resolution capability of 200 to 300 keV full-peakvridth-at-half~peak-height and a background of 0.3 to 1.0 counts/min/,' or as low as 0.01 counts/min if pulse-shape discrimination methods are used. Methods for preparing animal bone and tissue samples for assay are described.

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Section: Tntroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid scintillation alpha counting and spectrometry and its application to bone and tissue samples

1976

The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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“…According to Horrocks (1974a), the use of aromatic solvents containing dissolved solutes as scintillation detectors for nuclear radiation was first demonstrated by Professor H. P. Kallmann in 1947. Three years later M. Ageno and co-workers (1950) reported counting alpha as well as beta and gamma radiations in xylene solutions of naphthalene, and in 1954 Basson and Steyn (1954) further demonstrated the usefulness of liquid scintillation for alpha counting. The light output of a liquid scintillator has also been shown to be directly proportional to alpha energy to a useful degree over the range 4 to 7 MeV, an energy range that includes the alpha energies of the most common nuclides (Flynn et al, 1964;Horrocks, 1964;McDowell, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Alpha liquid scintillation counting: Past, present, and future

McDowell¹

1980

The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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Thii Boot »•> prw«!« " •ao^< °<""' B~"l°V •» "K~V °f«« UniW) Slaw Gov«nm«,t. Ifcithu in. UniWJ Sum Go«n.™ni ro. «v» jomey thmol. no. m Of 0*. Bretoy.*. >«•• «ny W»rmy. «.»«« or implU. or liw» «ny Kgil l«o»V ot c«BOnl»Hity for lt« KCuTJCy. cwnpt«tw«*, of uwfulntw ol any inlo.nwtfan. •Pf»i"«. produti. of proem iludowd. or iwrweoii thM it* u« *ouW not mlrin* priviwly ow»d rifhti Betaince herein tc w>v V«itk Mmrrwei* (HOtJoct ptoWi, or »rv«9 by W»O« n»mt. ttaotrtfiirt, nwitrfictiKBr, or offwrwt*. dOM not neoWMrlly osnilitutt or imply »» •ndoriemtfii. r«omrr*o(»iion. or Itmrini by the UniW Stitn Go«rnn«nt or m H^cy IMnol. Tl» vim wM osintoo. ol ~tr«r. •.&•**! h«tin do not naccsariry »t«« or rtflwt iho* of tf» Uniwd Stmi Gowmrrtmt or any »»»ncy ttwnf.

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“…The principal use of liquid scintillation counting was the assay of low energy beta emitting nuclides. Alpha emitters could be counted by liquid scintillation counting was also known for long time [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Method to Determine Gross Alpha-Beta in Water Samples Using Liquid Scintillation Counter

Abdellah¹

2013

JWARP

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Liquid scintillation counting (LSC) is an adequate nuclear technique to determine radioactivity levels, as verified by this study for the determination of the gross alpha and beta activities of aqueous samples because of its simplicity and low associated cost comparison with other techniques. This paper discusses a new approach to the monitoring of gross alpha and gross beta activities in water. The method consists of using pulse decay discrimination (PDD) liquid scintillation counting LSC of 2 ml of the sample after conditioning with 12 ml of AB-Ultima Gold LSC cocktail, and PDD 139 condition. Different factors that affected on the counting efficiency were studied such as quench reaction, volume of sample, and type of vial. The gross alpha and gross beta particle activity measurement using 40 K and 243 Am with different activities concentration for efficiency determination. The calculated detection limits were 0.07 Bq/l and 0.12 Bq/l for gross alpha and gross beta respectively for 500 min measurements of samples produced by concentration of one liter of water.

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Absolute Alpha Standardization with Liquid Scintillators

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

Liquid scintillation alpha counting and spectrometry and its application to bone and tissue samples

Liquid scintillation alpha counting and spectrometry and its application to bone and tissue samples

Alpha liquid scintillation counting: Past, present, and future

Optimization Method to Determine Gross Alpha-Beta in Water Samples Using Liquid Scintillation Counter

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