Absence of insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation despite early metabolic syndrome manifestations in children born after in vitro fertilization

Sakka, Sophia; Loutradis, Dimitrios; Kanaka‐Gantenbein, Christina; Margeli, Alexandra; Papastamataki, Maria; Papassotiriou, Ioannis; Chrousos, George P.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.09.049

Cited by 126 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…There are concerns regarding the potential consequences of ART on the long-term health of the offspring, but there is little information. 3,5,6 Here, we show that healthy children and adolescents conceived by ART display marked vascular dysfunction of the systemic and pulmonary circulation. This problem does not appear to be related to parental factors or hormonal stimulation of ovulation in the mother but to the ART procedure itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Systemic and Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction in Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies

et al. 2012

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Background-Assisted reproductive technology (ART) involves the manipulation of early embryos at a time when they may be particularly vulnerable to external disturbances. Environmental influences during the embryonic and fetal development influence the individual's susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, raising concerns about the potential consequences of ART on the long-term health of the offspring. Methods and Results-We assessed systemic (flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, pulse-wave velocity, and carotid intima-media thickness) and pulmonary (pulmonary artery pressure at high altitude by Doppler echocardiography) vascular function in 65 healthy children born after ART and 57 control children. Flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery was 25% smaller in ART than in control children (6.7Ϯ1.6% versus 8.6Ϯ1.7%; PϽ0.0001), whereas endothelium-independent vasodilation was similar in the 2 groups. Carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity was significantly (PϽ0.001) faster and carotid intima-media thickness was significantly (PϽ0.0001) greater in children conceived by ART than in control children. The systolic pulmonary artery pressure at high altitude (3450 m) was 30% higher (PϽ0.001) in ART than in control children. Vascular function was normal in children conceived naturally during hormonal stimulation of ovulation and in siblings of ART children who were conceived naturally. Conclusions-Healthy children conceived by ART display generalized vascular dysfunction. This problem does not appear to be related to parental factors but to the ART procedure itself. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00837642.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…2 Therefore, the safety of ART for long-term health is of utmost importance, but there is little information. [3][4][5][6] This may be related, at least in part, to the young age of the progeny because clinically manifest disease may not yet have had time to develop.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic and Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction in Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies

et al. 2012

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“…The price of multiple assessments is a substantially higher attrition rate. Therefore, studies evaluating the effects of reproductive technologies all opted to measure BP on a single day (7,9,30). For the follow-up at older ages, a 24-h telemetric approach could be a good alternative.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IVF and ICSI are also suggested to change the early environment in such a manner that it may have long-term consequences for the offspring (21). Indeed, several studies suggested subtle cardiometabolic alterations in IVF/ICSI offspring (5,6,8,9). This was partly expected, as IVF and ICSI conceptions more often result in preterm birth and low birth weight, which are risk factors for adiposity and hypertension (22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little is known about the health outcome of children born following PGS. In this respect, it is noteworthy that recent reports indicated that IVF/ICSI by itself is associated with increased blood pressure (BP), altered body fat distribution, and vascular dysfunctions in offspring (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Taking into account the general notion that the early environment shapes an individual's physical health later in life (10), it is conceivable that PGS, which includes more extensive embryo manipulation, introduces extra risks for adverse cardiometabolic outcome in offspring.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Blood pressure and anthropometrics of 4-y-old children born after preimplantation genetic screening: follow-up of a unique, moderately sized, randomized controlled trial

et al. 2013

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Background: Recent studies suggest that in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are associated with suboptimal cardiometabolic outcome in offspring. It is unknown whether preimplantation genetic screening (PGS), which involves embryo biopsy, affects blood pressure (BP), anthropometrics, and the frequency of received medical care. Methods: In this prospective multicenter follow-up study, we assessed BP, anthropometrics, and received medical care of 4-y-old children born to women who were randomly assigned to IVF/ICSI with PGS (n = 49) or without PGS (controls; n = 64). We applied linear and generalized linear mixed-effects models to investigate possible effects of PGS. results: BP in the PGS and control groups was similar: 102/64 and 100/64 mm Hg, respectively. Main anthropometric outcomes in the PGS vs. control group were: BMI: 16.1 vs. 15.8; triceps skinfold: 108 vs. 98 mm; and subscapular skinfold: 54 vs. 53 mm (all P values > 0.05). More PGS children than controls had received paramedical care (speech, physical, or occupational therapy: 14 (29%) vs. 9 (14%); P = 0.03 in multivariable analysis). The frequency of medicial treatment was comparable. conclusion: PGS does not seem to affect BP or anthropometrics in 4-y-old children. The higher frequency of received paramedical care after PGS may suggest an effect of PGS on subtle developmental parameters. W orldwide, the number of couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), with or without intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), is gradually increasing (1). Nevertheless, pregnancy rates after IVF/ICSI are lower than desired. To enhance efficiency of IVF/ICSI, new techniques such as preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) have been developed.In PGS, embryos are biopsied, and one or two blastomeres are aspirated and screened for aneuploidies. Only embryos with a normal chromosomal constitution are selected for transfer to the uterus (2). However, randomized controlled trials have indicated that PGS is not associated with higher pregnancy rates. As a matter of fact, reduced pregnancy rates after PGS are described for women of advanced maternal age (3,4). As a consequence, PGS is no longer recommended.Nevertheless, evaluation of the health of children born following PGS is relevant as it may reveal valuable information on long-term consequences of embryo biopsy. This is important as embryo biopsy is increasingly applied in the form of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Little is known about the health outcome of children born following PGS. In this respect, it is noteworthy that recent reports indicated that IVF/ICSI by itself is associated with increased blood pressure (BP), altered body fat distribution, and vascular dysfunctions in offspring (5-9). Taking into account the general notion that the early environment shapes an individual's physical health later in life (10), it is conceivable that PGS, which includes more extensive embryo manipulation, introduces extra risks for adverse cardiometabolic outcome in offspring. T...

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Impact of restoring male fertility with transplantation of in vitro propagated spermatogonial stem cells on the health of their offspring throughout life

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Eekelen

Winter-Korver

et al. 2021

Clinical & Translational Med

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Absence of insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation despite early metabolic syndrome manifestations in children born after in vitro fertilization

Cited by 126 publications

References 40 publications

Systemic and Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction in Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies

Systemic and Pulmonary Vascular Dysfunction in Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies

Blood pressure and anthropometrics of 4-y-old children born after preimplantation genetic screening: follow-up of a unique, moderately sized, randomized controlled trial

Impact of restoring male fertility with transplantation of in vitro propagated spermatogonial stem cells on the health of their offspring throughout life

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