Absence of Altruism? Female Disadvantage in Private School Enrollment in India

Maitra, Pushkar; Pal, Sarmistha; Sharma, Anurag

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.04.005

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Indian government identifies socially disadvantaged groups as those from Scheduled Tribes, Backward Castes and minorities such as Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists and Zorastrians 1. We also recognized economically disadvantaged groups in India such as those with financial difficulties [26], lower education as well as females due to gender disparity [27], those with lower social/family support, including unmarried individuals [28] and married women who are seen as subordinates of not only men but also the older women in the household [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life and its socio-economic and cultural predictors among advanced cancer patients: evidence from the APPROACH cross-sectional survey in Hyderabad-India

et al. 2019

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BackgroundPatients with advanced cancer often experience poor health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) due to cancer and treatment-related side-effects. With India’s palliative care landscape in its infancy, there is a concern that advanced cancer patients, especially individuals who are from disadvantaged populations experience poor HRQoL outcomes. We aim to assess HRQoL of advanced cancer patients in terms of general well-being (physical, functional, emotional, and social/family well-being), pain experiences, psychological state, and spiritual well-being, and determine the relationship between belonging to a disadvantaged group and HRQoL outcomes. We hypothesize that patients from disadvantaged or minority backgrounds, identified in this paper as financially distressed, female, lower years of education, lower social/family support, minority religions, and Non-General Castes, would be associated with worse HRQoL outcomes compared to those who are not from a disadvantaged group.MethodsWe administered a cross-sectional survey to 210 advanced cancer patients in a regional cancer center in India. The questionnaire included standardized instruments for general well-being (FACT-G), pain experiences (BPI), psychological state (HADS), spiritual well-being (FACT-SP); socio-economic and demographic characteristics.ResultsParticipants reported significantly lower general well-being (mean ± SD) (FACT-G = 62.4 ± 10.0) and spiritual well-being (FACT-SP = 32.7 ± 5.5) compared to a reference population of cancer patients in the U.S. Patients reported mild to moderate pain severity (3.2 ± 1.8) and interference (4.0 ± 1.6), normal anxiety (5.6 ± 3.1) and borderline depressive symptoms (9.7 ± 3.3). Higher financial difficulty scores predicted most of the HRQoL domains (p ≤ 0.01), and being from a minority religion predicted lower physical well-being (p ≤ 0.05) and higher pain severity (p ≤ 0.05). Married women reported lower social/family well-being (p ≤ 0.05). Pain severity and interference were significant predictors of most HRQoL domains.ConclusionsAdvanced cancer patients, especially those with lower financial well-being and belonging to minority religions, reported low physical, functional, emotional, social/family, and spiritual well-being, and borderline depressive symptoms. Future studies should be directed at developing effective interventions supporting vulnerable groups such as those with financial distress, and those belonging to minority religions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-related quality of life and its socio-economic and cultural predictors among advanced cancer patients: evidence from the APPROACH cross-sectional survey in Hyderabad-India

et al. 2019

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“…The OLS, village xed eects and family xed eects methods cannot deal with all sources of endogeneity. For instance, even after using the household xed eects, within-household child-varying factors 17 which play a role in inuencing parental education decisions (Behrman et al 1994, Andrabi et al 2008, Maitra et al 2016 are likely to remain in the error term, and may be correlated with attendance to private schools. Put dierently, when estimating a household xed eects model, the estimates might be free from within-household childspecic factors and household unobserved heterogeneity.…”

Section: Assessing the Potential Bias From Unobservablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Private schools and student learning achievements in Kenya

Wamalwa

Burns

2018

Economics of Education Review

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“…In a patriarchal society such as India, girls are considered unmitigated potential expenditure, someone who is unlikely to contribute to the household income and whose marriage will take away a substantial part of her parent’s fortune as dowry (Sen & Seth, 1995 ). In addition, females in India face many disadvantages in the labour market, reducing the returns to investment in daughters’ education (Maitra et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional and socioeconomic inequalities in access to pre-primary education in India: evidence from a recent household survey

Choudhury

Joshi

Kumar

2023

ICEP

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In India, the National Education Policy 2020 recommends ensuring universal access to high-quality early childhood care and education for children aged 3–6 years by 2030. Using the 75th round of National Statistical Office data (2017–2018), this paper analyses the regional and socioeconomic inequalities in access to pre-primary education. Also, we investigate the specific role of households’ economic status and educational attainment in explaining these inequalities. We find considerable regional (rural/urban) and socioeconomic inequalities in access to pre-primary education in India, with girls and children belonging to historically disadvantaged social groups (scheduled castes and scheduled tribes) less likely to attend early childhood education, particularly in rural areas. We find that a substantial portion of the rural–urban gap in access to pre-primary education can be removed by controls for households’ economic condition and household head’s educational status. In addition, we find gender and socioeconomic inequalities in the household investment in early years education. These findings highlight the need to put policy efforts and commitments to reducing barriers to accessing pre-primary education for children in disadvantaged conditions in India.

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Absence of Altruism? Female Disadvantage in Private School Enrollment in India

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Health-related quality of life and its socio-economic and cultural predictors among advanced cancer patients: evidence from the APPROACH cross-sectional survey in Hyderabad-India

Health-related quality of life and its socio-economic and cultural predictors among advanced cancer patients: evidence from the APPROACH cross-sectional survey in Hyderabad-India

Private schools and student learning achievements in Kenya

Regional and socioeconomic inequalities in access to pre-primary education in India: evidence from a recent household survey

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