Abronia: IV. Anthocarp Dispersibility and its Ecological Implications for Nine Species of Abronia

Wilson, Ruth C.

doi:10.5642/aliso.19760804.11

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Wing index increased dramatically towards both northern and southern range limits, and correcting wing index for covariation with anthocarp mass to more closely reflect dispersal potential resulted in an even stronger polynomial relation with latitude. Anthocarp wings did not appear to enhance flotation on artificial seawater, a conclusion also reached by Wilson (1976) from a comparison among Abronia species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…A lower threshold speed should indicate greater dispersal potential (Johnson & Fryer, 1992; Greene & Johnson, 1997). This measure is also likely to correlate strongly with alternative measures of dispersal such as distance moved away from a constant wind source (Wilson, 1976). Measurements were made using a Flotek 1440 wind tunnel (GDJ Inc., Mentor, OH, USA), which consists of a cylindrical steel body 400 cm long × 30 cm diameter, with a 45‐cm fan mounted at one end that blows air through a honeycomb flow straightener.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although A. umbellata usually occurs well above the high tide line, wind may move Abronia anthocarps into the surf, especially during winter storms, where they may experience tertiary dispersal by water. Wings could facilitate water dispersal if they increase the time anthocarps remain afloat (Wilson, 1976). Previous taxonomic surveys of anthocarp wingedness revealed wide variation among species of Abronia .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous taxonomic surveys of anthocarp wingedness revealed wide variation among species of Abronia . In A. umbellata , there is considerable variation in anthocarp wingedness at all levels (Wilson, 1974, 1976): among anthocarps within an umbel, among individuals within populations and among populations, the last of which is the focus of this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased seed dispersal potential towards geographic range limits in a Pacific coast dune plant

2008

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Summary• Dispersal may be favoured at geographic range edges by unstable population and metapopulation dynamics. However, dispersal may also evolve in response to geographic variation in other life-history traits, especially the mating system. Here, increased dispersal at range margins was tested for with a range-wide analysis of seed dispersal and mating system traits in Abronia umbellata, a plant endemic to Pacific coastal dunes of North America.• Seeds disperse within winged anthocarps. Anthocarps from 34 populations varied widely in wing size (mass-corrected wing index). Wing index correlated negatively with threshold wind velocity for dispersal in wind tunnel tests, suggesting that wings facilitate tumbling over open sandy substrate. As predicted, wing index increased and threshold velocity decreased towards both range limits.• Flower size, herkogamy and self-incompatibility declined towards range limits, indicating a shift to self-fertilization, and flower size and wing index correlated negatively. However, the increase in wing index towards range limits remained after statistically controlling flower size.• These results are consistent with selection favouring dispersal at range margins. The evolutionary lability of dispersal across the range may affect the interaction between selection and gene flow in the establishment and maintenance of geographic range limits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased seed dispersal potential towards geographic range limits in a Pacific coast dune plant

2008

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“…Because the mother plant often touches or covers the ground, seed movement by wind or runoff is greatly inhibited. In her comparative study of nine species of Abronia in California, Wilson (1976) suggested dispersal is limited because A. alpina fruit lack winged appendages found in other members of the genus. Wilson further suggested that this trait might be an adaptive mechanism to keep the species in appropriate habitat in the sandy margins of the meadows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollinator‐mediated gene flow fosters genetic variability in a narrow alpine endemic, Abronia alpina (Nyctaginaceae)

Jabis

Ayers

Allan

2011

American J of Botany

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Phylogenetic Distribution and Identification of Fin-winged Fruits

2010

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Fin-winged fruits have two or more wings aligned with the longitudinal axis like the feathers of an arrow, as exemplified by Combretum, Halesia, and Ptelea. Such fruits vary in dispersal mode from those in which the fruit itself is the ultimate disseminule, to schizocarps dispersing two or more mericarps, to capsules releasing multiple seeds. At least 45 families and more than 140 genera are known to possess fin-winged fruits. We present an inventory of these taxa and describe their morphological characters as an aid for the identification and phylogenetic assessment of fossil and extant genera. Such fruits are most prevalent among Eudicots, but occur occasionally in Magnoliids (Hernandiaceae: Illigera) and Monocots (Burmannia, Dioscorea, Herreria). Although convergent in general form, fin-winged fruits of different genera can be distinguished by details of the wing number, texture, shape and venation, along with characters of persistent floral parts and dehiscence mode. Families having genera with fin-winged fruits and epigynous perianth include

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Abronia: IV. Anthocarp Dispersibility and its Ecological Implications for Nine Species of Abronia

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Increased seed dispersal potential towards geographic range limits in a Pacific coast dune plant

Increased seed dispersal potential towards geographic range limits in a Pacific coast dune plant

Pollinator‐mediated gene flow fosters genetic variability in a narrow alpine endemic, Abronia alpina (Nyctaginaceae)

Phylogenetic Distribution and Identification of Fin-winged Fruits

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