Abrasive wear behaviour of aluminium hybrid nanocomposites produced by ultrasonication assisted casting method

Abstract

In this investigation, the abrasive wear resistance of Al/ (B4C+SiC) hybrid nanocomposites was tested against hard SiC abrasive sheets and compared to those of unreinforced Al alloy. Three loadings of nano-SiC (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 Wt. %) and one loading of nano-B4C (0.5 Wt. %) were mixed with an aluminium alloy to produce the aluminium hybrid nanocomposites using an ultrasonication assisted casting method. Scanning electron microscopy showed a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the Al alloy. Transmission electron microscopy indicated an increase in the dislocation density of nanocomposites compared to monolithic Al. The abrasive wear experiments were conducted on a Pin-on-Disc tribometer using pins of 9 mm diameter and 15 mm height under dry sliding conditions at room temperature. The wear rate in terms of wear volume per unit weight was calculated for both unreinforced alloy and hybrid nanocomposites. It was observed that Al hybrid nanocomposites showed superior wear resistance properties compared to the unreinforced sample. The nanocomposite with 1.5 Wt.% nano-SiC and 0.5 Wt.% nano-B4C possessed better wear resistance properties compared to the other composites tested in this work. The worn out surface of the Al alloy and its hybrid nanocomposites imply that the wear mechanism is through plowing action on the surface by SiC abrading particulates. The nanocomposite with 1.5 Wt.% SiC and 0.5 Wt.% B4C showed 88.32 % increase in wear resistance compared to the monolithic Al. This combination of material can be selected for abrasive wear resistance applications.

New Developments in Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Automotive Brake Pad Applications and Future Challenges

“…Wear resistance was significantly improved for samples containing 0.5 wt% B 4 C and 1.5 wt% SiC compared with aluminum. The coefficient of friction was in the expected range for all samples [14]. Except for coconut shell and coconut fiber, all fibers were treated chemically to enhance their properties.…”

“…The wear particles whose diameter is less than 100 nanometers Fused mullite (i) Density reduced from 6.2 g/cc to 2.40-2.72 g/cc for three different samples (ii) The wear rate for the sample containing 3 wt% of mullite decreased from 1 g to 0.887 g [88] Nanosized SiO 2 particles (i) With the addition of 9% SiO 2 , there was an improvement of 18.11% in hardness & an increase of 5.4% in roughness [12] Phenolic resin (PF)/organized expanded vermiculite (OEVMT) (i) The brake pad based on PF exhibited a weight reduction ratio of 45.8%, whereas the brake pad based on PF/OEVMT exhibited a ratio of 77.1% (ii) For the PF/OEVMT brake pad, the coefficient of friction decreased by only 0.05, whereas for the PF based brake pad, the value decreased by 0.24 [39] Kaolin-TiO 2 (KATI) (i) The loss of pad thickness was 50% lower for the KATI-based brake pad which improved the durability [13] Boron (i) The coefficient of friction for the boron-based brake pad was 0.065 higher than its counterpart [41] Graphene/boron nitride with aluminum (i) Sample Al-1BN-0.15GNP exhibited an increase of 225% in ultimate compressive strength & an 87% increase in hardness values [42] Aluminum-silicon nitride (Al-Si 3 N 4 ) & aluminum-graphite-silicon nitride (Al-Gr-Si 3 N 4 ) (i) For the Al-Gr-Si 3 N 4 sample, the wear rate decreased by 25% when compared with the Al-Si 3 N 4 sample (ii) There was a reduction of 15% in the friction coefficient of the Al-Gr-Si 3 N 4 sample when compared with the Al-Si 3 N 4 sample [45] Al/SiC+B 4 C (iii) Wear resistance increased by 88.32% for the sample containing 1.5% SiC & 0.5% B 4 C as compared with a monolithic aluminum [14] 14 Journal of Nanomaterials method revealed that BP10 samples had the highest wear rate, whereas BP5/BG5 samples depicted the lowest values [38]. Superior thermal characteristics of the PF/OEVMTbased brake pad were confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis.…”

“…SEM and TEM were used to investigate the microstructure of the samples [14]. Crab shell powder was used in the development of brake pads.…”

“…The newly formulated brake pads displayed reduced wear rates by about 50%, hence leading to the greater durability of the pads. Lakshmanan studies the wear characteristics of Al/(B 4 C+SiC) hybrid nanocomposites [14]. Three parts nano-SiC and one part nano-B 4 C were combined with Al alloy to formulate the hybrid nanocomposite.…”

Aging Kinetics and Microstructural Features of Al6061-SiC+B4C Stir Cast Hybrid Composites

“…AMMCs reinforced with SiC particles enhance yield strength by up to 20%, lower thermal expansion coefficient, higher elasticity modules and greater wear resistance compared to unreinforced matrix alloy systems [5][6]. The B4C reinforced AMMCs are harder, tougher, more fracture-resistant, lighter in weight and have higher fatigue strength and significantly improve properties compared to other materials.…”