Abrasive Technologies with Dry Ice as a Blasting Medium—Review

Abstract

The objective of this work was to present an overview of abrasive technologies with solid carbon dioxide as a blasting medium. These methods can be successfully used for the removal of a wide range of types of industrial pollution. The article covers literature reports in the field of the examined cleaning mechanisms and manufacturing process of dry ice, focusing on the structure and size of the product. Having the correct understanding of these processes is crucial for further technological development. Then various configurations of the dry-ice-blasting and snow-blasting systems are presented, including a range of typical parameters met in the literature and in industrial applications. Because the nozzle can be treated as a key part of the system, typical examples of nozzles are described. Special attention is paid to the usability of each type. This study also covers the actual scope of applications for the described systems, especially in industry and science.

Method for Determining the Coefficient of Friction Variation Pattern as a Function of Density at Low Temperatures Using the Example of Dry Ice–Steel Contact

“…Zhao et al, 2022, indicated that DI blocks were successfully used for the rapid cooling of food products [15]. The article by Dzido et al, 2023, describes numerical studies on the removal of solid deposits on the surface, using the dry ice blasting method, in which external coatings were removed by hitting the surface with DI pellets, which rapidly decompressed while penetrating into gaps between the coating and the substrate [16].…”

Analysis of Density Distribution in a Cylindrical Specimen under Compaction Using the Example of Dry Ice

“…This, due to the peculiar properties of DI, significantly affects the possibility of its effective use, e.g., in the cooling process [ 11 ]. It results from the unforced phase transition that the material undergoes, i.e., sublimation under normal conditions [ 12 ]. As a result of DI densification, the external surface area of the material on which the indicated phase transition is occurring is reduced, which directly affects the speed of the material’s sublimation [ 13 ].…”

Assessing the Feasibility of Removing Graffiti from Railway Vehicles Using Ultra-Freezing Air Projection

“…The advantages of this system over other cleaning methods have been studied. Firstly, it provides an eco-sustainable approach by projecting recycled CO 2 , which reduces water consumption and eliminates the need for solvents that damage the environment and health [45]. In addition, it ensures the safety of the surfaces by avoiding abrasion due to the low hardness of the pellets used (2 Mohs) [46] and favours the reduction in air pressure required compared to other mechanical methods [47].…”