Above- and belowground herbivory alters the outcome of intra- and interspecific competition between invasive and native Alternanthera species

Shen, Shuai; Guo, Wenfeng; Li, Xiaoqiong

doi:10.1007/s10530-021-02694-2

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…We found that alligator weed had higher biomass under combined herbivory by nematodes and flea beetles compared to without herbivory, and this increase in biomass indicates a higher ability for compensatory growth (Liu et al, 2018;Qin et al, 2021). Shen et al (2022) also found that alligator weed had more biomass under combined herbivory by C. piperata and nematodes. Similarly, other growth forms of invasive plants, such as an annual herb Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (Gard et al, 2013), a woody plant Triadica sebifera (L.) Small (Rogers & Siemann, 2005) and a vine Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at Guangxi University (22°84′ N, 108°24′ E), Guangxi Province, China. The plants, insects and nematodes were propagated according to the methods of Qin et al (2021) and Shen et al (2022). The stems of alligator weed and sessile joyweed were collected from agricultural lands and transported to the greenhouse for vegetation propagation.…”

Section: Propagation Of Plants and Insects/nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil fertility as a mediator of interactions between an introduced specialist beetle and a native generalist nematode on an exotic invasive plant and its native congener

Xiang,

Zhao,

Guo

et al. 2024

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Invasive plants are often attacked by both introduced specialist and native generalist natural enemies in new ranges. Soil fertility can potentially alter the interactions of these natural enemies with native versus invasive plants in ways that have largely unexplored implications for biological invasions and biological control. A common garden experiment was conducted to compare the performance of an introduced specialist flea beetle, Agasicles hygrophila, and/or a native generalist nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on invasive alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and its native congener sessile joyweed, Alternanthera sessilis, under different levels of soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). At a relatively low or moderate N and P levels, the flea beetle and the nematodes were not significantly affected by each other. Under these conditions, alligator weed responded plastically by producing more branches and biomass, as well as longer stolons, in response to attack by the flea beetle and/or the nematode, compared to sessile joyweed responses to similar levels of damage. However, under a relatively high N and P levels, nematode infestations significantly reduced flea beetle damage on alligator weed, resulting in significantly greater above‐ and below‐ground biomass and longer stolons than plants without herbivory. In contrast, beetle herbivory significantly increased the level of nematode infestations on sessile joyweed, resulting in significantly fewer fine and coarse roots, and lower above‐ and below‐ground biomass compared to plants without herbivory. Synthesis and applications. Our findings illustrate the importance of soil fertility in mediating interactions between specialist biocontrol agents and native generalists on native versus invasive plants. High phenotypic plasticity seems to be an important attribute that contributes to the success of invasive plants like alligator weed in relatively nutrient‐poor environments. However, nutrient‐rich environments could potentially confer greater growth benefits on invasive plants than on native ones by changing herbivore–herbivore interactions on plants differently. There is a great need to fully investigate the direct and indirect interactions between biocontrol agents and generalists across food webs following classical biocontrol releases. Nutrient measurements of both soil and water bodies should also be incorporated into all stages of biocontrol programmes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Propagation Of Plants and Insects/nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil fertility as a mediator of interactions between an introduced specialist beetle and a native generalist nematode on an exotic invasive plant and its native congener

Xiang,

Zhao,

Guo

et al. 2024

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Moreover, under no drought, the lower negative values of RNE in closely related native communities (Figure 4a) indicated that stronger competition was imposed on the invader, which supported DNH. However, under intense drought, positive values of RNE in closely related native communities indicated that the invader was promoted through facilitation with closely related native species (Figure 4c; Shen et al, 2021; Zhi et al, 2007), which supports PAH. Consequently, DNH and PAH may apply to different environmental conditions, such as those along a drought stress gradient, as increasing drought stress led to the shift in interspecific interactions between closely related native and invader species from competition to facilitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…With increasing drought stress, more species had better performances, suggesting the increasing role of facilitation, which led to the increase in the complementarity effect (Appendix S1: Figure S5, Wang et al, 2021, Wright et al, 2021). Under no and moderate drought, RNE values were negative, indicating that the invader was inhibited by competing with native species (Shen et al, 2021; Zhi et al, 2007). Moreover, under no drought, the lower negative values of RNE in closely related native communities (Figure 4a) indicated that stronger competition was imposed on the invader, which supported DNH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Darwin's naturalization conundrum reconciled by changes of species interactions

Wang

et al. 2022

Ecology

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Although phylogenetic distance between native and exotic species has a close link with their interactions, it is still unclear how environmental stresses and species interactions influence the relationship between phylogenetic distance and biological invasions. Here we assessed the effect of invader-native phylogenetic distance on the growth of the invader (Symphyotrichum subulatum) under three levels of drought (no, moderate, or intense drought). Under no drought, interspecific competition between close relatives was the dominant process and native communities more closely related to the invader showed higher resistance to invasion, supporting Darwin's naturalization hypothesis. In contrast, under intense drought, facilitation between close relatives by mutualism with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) became more important, and the invader became more successful in their more closely related native communities, supporting the preadaptation hypothesis. The colonization rate of AMF of the invader was higher in more closely related native communities regardless of the drought treatment, but it was only positively related to invader biomass under intense drought. Therefore, the shift of species interactions from competition to facilitation may be ascribed to the promotion of AMF to invasion occurring under intense drought, which leads to the effect of closely related natives on the invader shifting from negative to positive. Our results provide a new angle to resolve Darwin's naturalization conundrum from the change of species interactions along a stress gradient, and provide important clues for invasion management when species interactions change in response to global climatic change.

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“…This species has invaded both terrestrial and aquatic habitats and is considered a serious weed in the introduced ranges due to its fast growth and colonization ability (Dugdale & Champion, 2012). A. philoxeroides has been documented as a superior competitor over various indigenous plant species (Liang et al, 2020; Shen et al, 2022; Wu et al, 2017). It has been shown that A. philoxeroides exhibits better tolerance to metal pollution due to its ability to accumulate a certain amount of metals in its tissues (Wang et al, 2021a; 2021b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil cadmium pollution facilitated the invasion of alligator weed through enhanced herbivore resistance and competitive ability over a congeneric species

Lin,

He,

Yang

et al. 2023

Plant Cell & Environment

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A number of invasive plant species, such as Alternanthera philoxeroides, have been documented to be able to accumulate trace metal elements in their tissues. Since metal accumulation in plants can serve as a defence against herbivores, we hypothesized that metal pollution will increase herbivore resistance of metal‐accumulating invasive plant species and such a benefit will grant them a competitive advantage over local co‐occurring plants. In this study, we compared the differences in plant growth and herbivore feeding preference between A. philoxeroides and its native congener Alternanthera sessilis in single and mixed cultures with and without soil cadmium (Cd) pollution. The results showed that A. philoxeroides plants were more tolerant to Cd stress and accumulated more Cd in the leaves than A. sessilis. Cd exposure increased the resistance of A. philoxeroides against a specialist and a generalist herbivore compared with A. sessilis. Competition experiments indicated that Cd stress largely increased the competitive advantage of A. philoxeroides over A. sessilis with or without herbivore pressures. The differences in herbivore resistance between the two plant species under soil Cd stress are most likely due to the deterring effect of Cd accumulation and Cd‐enhanced mechanical defences rather than changes in leaf specialized metabolites.

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Above- and belowground herbivory alters the outcome of intra- and interspecific competition between invasive and native Alternanthera species

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

Soil fertility as a mediator of interactions between an introduced specialist beetle and a native generalist nematode on an exotic invasive plant and its native congener

Soil fertility as a mediator of interactions between an introduced specialist beetle and a native generalist nematode on an exotic invasive plant and its native congener

Darwin's naturalization conundrum reconciled by changes of species interactions

Soil cadmium pollution facilitated the invasion of alligator weed through enhanced herbivore resistance and competitive ability over a congeneric species

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