About the inevitable compromise between spatial resolution and accuracy of strain measurement for bone tissue: A 3D zero-strain study

Dall’Ara, Enrico; Barber, D C; Viceconti, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.019

Cited by 83 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, we noted that masking the bone tissue in non-homogeneous structures such as the trabecular bone and mouse tibia improved the precision of the DVC only if based on high-resolution SRμCT (Palanca et al, 2017a), but not on standard laboratory μCT images (Dall' Ara et al, 2014). Furthermore, for the local DVC approach, it is clear that a metric based on DC should be preferred to analyses performed after Fourier Transformation (Palanca et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the previously examined datasets consist in results from trabecular and cortical bone scanned with μCT (Dall ' Ara et al, 2014;Palanca et al, 2015) and with synchrotron light μCT (SRμCT) (Palanca et al, 2017a), from vertebral bodies with and without injected biomaterial scanned with μCT (Palanca et al, 2016;Tozzi et al, 2017), and mice tibiae scanned with SRμCT (Palanca et al, 2017a). Moreover, two new datasets from SRμCT scans of trabecular bone and biomaterials and from in vivo and ex vivo μCT scans of the mouse tibia were included in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This global DVC (Dall' Ara et al, 2014) consists in computing the displacement map by using the Sheffield Image Registration Toolkit (ShIRT) (Barber and Hose, 2005;Barber et al, 2007;Khodabakhshi et al, 2013). With BoneDVC, a grid with selectable nodal spacing (NS, or subvolume, or grid size) is superimposed to the images to be registered.…”

Section: Bonedvc (Previously Known As Shirt-fe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the accuracy and precision of the DVC in measuring the displacements depend on the quality of the input images and such errors in displacements can be amplified for the strain field, once differentiated. DVC algorithms showed errors in the displacement measurements of a fraction of voxel (precision of 0.0004-0.115 voxels) (Zauel et al, 2006;Liu and Morgan, 2007;Dall' Ara et al, 2014;Roberts et al, 2014). Nevertheless, a compromise must always be accepted between the precision of the DVC measurements and the measurement spatial resolution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, a compromise must always be accepted between the precision of the DVC measurements and the measurement spatial resolution. In fact, the larger is the subvolume size (in local DVC) or the nodal spacing (NS, in global DVC), which represents the distance between two independent measurements of displacement, the lower are the random errors associated with the measurement (Dall' Ara et al, 2014;Palanca et al, 2015). There is no single optimal solution for all cases, but an adaptation of the method for different bone structures and image resolutions is required.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precision of Digital Volume Correlation Approaches for Strain Analysis in Bone Imaged with Micro-Computed Tomography at Different Dimensional Levels

et al. 2017

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Accurate measurement of local strain in heterogeneous and anisotropic bone tissue is fundamental to understand the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal diseases, to evaluate the effect of interventions from preclinical studies, and to optimize the design and delivery of biomaterials. Digital volume correlation (DVC) can be used to measure the three-dimensional displacement and strain fields from micro-computed tomography (μCT) images of loaded specimens. However, this approach is affected by the quality of the input images, by the morphology and density of the tissue under investigation, by the correlation scheme, and by the operational parameters used in the computation. Therefore, for each application, the precision of the method should be evaluated. In this paper, we present the results collected from datasets analyzed in previous studies as well as new data from a recent experimental campaign for characterizing the relationship between the precision of two different DVC approaches and the spatial resolution of the outputs. Different bone structures scanned with laboratory source μCT or synchrotron light μCT (SRμCT) were processed in zero-strain tests to evaluate the precision of the DVC methods as a function of the subvolume size that ranged from 8 to 2,500 µm. The results confirmed that for every microstructure the precision of DVC improves for larger subvolume size, following power laws. However, for the first time, large differences in the precision of both local and global DVC approaches have been highlighted when SRμCT or in vivo μCT images were used instead of conventional ex vivo μCT. These findings suggest that in situ mechanical testing protocols applied in SRμCT facilities should be optimized to allow DVC analyses of localized strain measurements. Moreover, for in vivo μCT applications, DVC analyses should be performed only with relatively course spatial resolution for achieving a reasonable precision of the method. In conclusion, we have extensively shown that the precision of both tested DVC approaches is affected by different bone structures, different input image resolution, and different subvolume sizes. Before each specific application, DVC users should always apply a similar approach to find the best compromise between precision and spatial resolution of the measurements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bonedvc (Previously Known As Shirt-fe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precision of Digital Volume Correlation Approaches for Strain Analysis in Bone Imaged with Micro-Computed Tomography at Different Dimensional Levels

et al. 2017

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Experimental DVC validation of heterogeneous micro finite element models applied to subchondral trabecular bone of the humeral head

Knowles

Kusins

Columbus

et al. 2021

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Subchondral trabecular bone (STB) undergoes adaptive changes during osteoarthritic (OA) disease progression. These changes alter both the mineralization patterns and structure of bone and may contribute to variations in the mechanical properties. Similarly, when images are downsampled – as is often performed in micro finite element model (microFEM) generation – the morphological and mineralization patterns may further alter the mechanical properties due to partial volume effects. MicroFEMs accounting for material heterogeneity can account for these tissue variations, but no studies have validated these with robust full‐field testing methods. As such, this study compared homogeneous and heterogeneous microFEMs to experimentally loaded trabecular bone cores from the humeral head combined with digital volume correlation (DVC). These microFEMs were used to compare apparent mechanical properties between normal and OA STB. Morphological and mineralization patterns between groups were also compared. There were no significant differences in tissue or bone mineral density between groups. The only significant differences in morphometric parameters were in trabecular thickness between groups. There were no significant differences in linear regression parameters between normal and OA STB apparent mechanical properties estimated using heterogeneous microFEMs with an element‐wise bilinear elastic‐plastic constitutive model. Clinical significance: Validated heterogeneous microFEMs applied to STB of the humeral head have the potential to significantly improve our understanding of mechanical variations in the bone that occur during OA progression.

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Full‐field experimental analysis of the influence of microstructural parameters on the mechanical properties of humeral head trabecular bone

Kusins

Knowles

Martensson

et al. 2021

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Understanding the mechanical properties of trabecular bone within the metaphysis of the proximal humerus is becoming increasingly important for the design of humeral head joint replacement components that prioritize bone preservation. The aim of this study was to perform full‐field mechanical testing methods on isolated trabecular bone cores from the humeral head to experimentally measure the local magnitude of strain before macroscopic failure and to characterize the ultimate strength of each core. Isolated cubic trabecular bone cores were extracted from the center of humeral head osteotomies retrieved from (1) patients with end‐stage osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and (2) normal nonpathologic cadaveric humeral heads. A custom computed tomography (CT)‐compatible loading device was used to perform compressive mechanical testing. For 10 of the OA specimens, stepwise loading was performed directly within a microCT scanner and digital volume correlation (DVC) was used to measure full‐field strains throughout the trabecular structure. A higher variability in ultimate strength was measured for the trabecular cores retrieved from OA humeral heads (range: 2.8–7.6 MPa) compared to the normal cadaveric humeral heads (range: 2.2–5.4 MPa), but no statistically significant difference between the groups was found (p = 0.06). Ultimate strength was strongly correlated with bone volume fraction (OA r2 = 0.72; normal r2 = 0.76) and bone mineral content (OA r2 = 0.79; normal r2 = 0.77). At the trabecular level, 95th percentile of third principal strains, measured at a subvolume size of 152 µm, exceeded 19,000 µε for each of the 10 specimens (range: −19,551 to −36,535 µε) before macroscopic failure of the cores occured. No strong linear correlations (r2 ≥ 0.50) were found between the median or 95th percentile of DVC third principal strain and the corresponding morphometric parameters of each individual bone core. The results of this study indicate that bone volume fraction and bone mineral content heavily influence the apparent ultimate strength of trabecular bone cores collected from OA patients undergoing TSA. Clinical significance: The strong correlations observed within this study further emphasize the importance of considering bone mineral content or bone volume fraction measurements in assessing the localized risk of trabecular bone fracture for orthopedic applications.

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About the inevitable compromise between spatial resolution and accuracy of strain measurement for bone tissue: A 3D zero-strain study

Cited by 83 publications

References 27 publications

Precision of Digital Volume Correlation Approaches for Strain Analysis in Bone Imaged with Micro-Computed Tomography at Different Dimensional Levels

Precision of Digital Volume Correlation Approaches for Strain Analysis in Bone Imaged with Micro-Computed Tomography at Different Dimensional Levels

Experimental DVC validation of heterogeneous micro finite element models applied to subchondral trabecular bone of the humeral head

Full‐field experimental analysis of the influence of microstructural parameters on the mechanical properties of humeral head trabecular bone

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