Abortions and twin pregnancies in thoroughbreds: Rate of occurrence, treatments and prevention

Merkt, H; Jöchle, W.

doi:10.1016/s0737-0806(06)81569-8

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In a large epidemiological study in France, twin pregnancy accounted for 52.8% of abortions after 40 days (Chevalier-Clement 1989). Another study in Germany, reported that 38.5% of abortions in Thoroughbreds were due to twins and 29.3% of twin pregnancies went to term, giving either one or 2 live foals (Fig 5) (Merkt and Jochle 1993). Out of the latter (n = 58), only 5 animals went into training and none gave good satisfactory performance.…”

Section: Late Gestationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…'binning is considered a pathological situation in the marc and continues to be a source of pregnancy loss in the horse breeding industry. Indeed, twinning accounts for 25% of premature termination of pregnancies and 10 to 30% of abortions in mares (Roberts 1986;Merkt and Jochle 1993). Moreover, one study involving a large number of mares (n = 3740) showed that 52.8% of mares carrying twins aborted between Day 40 of gestation and term ((:hevalier-Clement 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, one study involving a large number of mares (n = 3740) showed that 52.8% of mares carrying twins aborted between Day 40 of gestation and term ((:hevalier-Clement 1989). Other studies with smaller riumhcrs of animals report an abortion rate of 63-73% for mares carrying twins, and 16-25% of births of a single or twin foals (Whitwell 1980;Deskur 1985;Merkt and Jochle 1993). It is, therefore, very important to be aware of the risks of twinning, to detect twin pregnancies in due time and to treat them correctly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Twinning in the mare

Chavatte¹

1997

Equine Veterinary Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Late Gestationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Twinning in the mare

Chavatte¹

1997

Equine Veterinary Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Der Equine Stutenabort ist eine hochkontagiöse weltweit verbreitete Erkrankung der Equiden, der aufgrund des seuchenhaften Abortgeschehens tragender Stuten eine große wirtschaftliche Bedeutung besitzt (Merkt et al 1993, Petzold et al 1987, Steinhagen 1988. Der Erreger des Equinen Stutenaborts ist das Equine Herpesvirus Typ 1, ein Mitglied der Familie der Herpesviridae, Subfamilie Alphaherpesvirinae, Genus Varicellovirus.…”

Section: Equines Herpes Virus Typunclassified

Important viral, bacterial and parasitic agents of the equine reproductive tract and their diagnostic detection

Lorenz¹,

Homuth²,

Kollmann³

et al. 2006

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Important viral, bacterial and parasitic agents of the equine reproductive tract and their diagnostic detection Viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases of the equine reproduction tract are a common cause of infertility, abortions and premature births and are responsible for economic losses in horse populations. Both viral agents like equine herpesvirus type 1 and equine arteritisvirus and bacterial agents like Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, Actinobacillus equuli, leptospira, chlamydia and Taylorella equigenitalis are important infectious agents for the breeding and export of horses. Horses to be exported must be examined for the parasites Babesis caballi, Theileria equi, the causative agent of the tick-borne protozoal disease, equine piroplasmosis, and for Trypanosoma equiperdum, the causative agent of dourine. Identification and differentiation of the pathogen and the existing condition require both intensive clinical examination and a comprehensive laboratory diagnostic analysis. Depending on the diagnostic purpose, it is possible to differentiate between indirect and direct detection of the agents. Indirect methods facilitate the detection of antibodies against infectious agents and give further information about the immune status of the horse. Depending on the testing method and the animal's vaccination status, conclusions can be drawn about the infection and the success of vaccination. Direct test methods make possible the identification and differentiation of the agent isolated in the diagnostic sample. In horses with genital infections, infertility and abortions, diagnosis of viral infections is based on isolation of the virus in cell culture or on the detection of specific DNA by polymerase chain reaction techniques. Culture and biochemical identification remain the gold standard for confirming the presence of bacterial pathogens. The polymerase chain reaction offers an alternative or supplement to culture identification and provides highly specific and sensitive results that can often be obtained more quickly than by culture. A serological response to viral, bacterial and parasitic infections can be demonstrated by serological testing of paired sera to show a rise in antibody titre.Depending on the epidemiology of the pathogen and the site of the disease, important factors for a reliable diagnosis are the diagnostic material and the time and technique of sampling.

show abstract

“…Without transrectal ultrasound and veterinary intervention, twin pregnancy would be the biggest single cause of abortion in mares. In the era before early ultrasound diagnosis and management of twin pregnancy, twins accounted for 20 to 40 per cent of all equine abortions (Whitwell 1980, Merkt and Jochle 1993). Today, twins still account for approximately 3 per cent of abortions (Rickets and others 2003) (Fig 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of twins in horses

Crabtree¹

2018

In Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Twin pregnancy is a commonly encountered condition in equine reproductive practice which can have devastating effects for the client in respect to the health and future fertility of their mare as well as significant financial implications. In well-managed situations, twins can be dealt with relatively easily and effectively during early pregnancy. However, due to the nature of clinical practice and the differing stages at which a mare may be presented for examination, the management of twins can be difficult. Complicating factors include twins of differing ages (asynchronous twins), adjacent twins (unilateral), which can be difficult to identify as two separate entities, and the presence of one or multiple endometrial cysts. This article reviews the options available in the management of twins and the likely expected success rate.

show abstract

Abortions and twin pregnancies in thoroughbreds: Rate of occurrence, treatments and prevention

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Twinning in the mare

Twinning in the mare

Important viral, bacterial and parasitic agents of the equine reproductive tract and their diagnostic detection

Management of twins in horses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About