Aborted fetal sizes of Thoroughbred horses in Hidaka, Japan, between 2005 and 2015

Murase, Harutaka; Miyazawa, Masaki; Harada, Takehiro; Ozawa, Midori; Sato, Fumio; Hada, Tetsuro

doi:10.1294/jes.28.47

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In Japan, in 2007-2008, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus were the most frequently isolated bacteria (29.5%), followed by E. coli (20.5%) and Salmonella abortus equi (MURASE et al, 2017).…”

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the USA (TENGELSEN et al, 1997), United Kingdom (SMITH et al, 2003), France, (LAUGIER et al, 2011, and Japan (MURASE et al, 2017), high rates of noninfectious causes of abortion or stillbirth are reported. In the study of TENGELSEN et al (1997), congenital defects including cranial and cervical spine and thoracic-lumbar deformities, as well as limb contractures accounted for 14.2% of congenital defects.…”

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deformities including diaphragm aplasia, head deformity, insufficient abdominal wall closure, diaphragmatic aplasia, Schistosomus reflexus, severely deformed kidney and liver, severe placental calcification, and trauma of the mare have also been reported at low rates (SZEREDI et al, 2008;MURASE et al, 2017;TENGELSEN et al, 1997). In equine abortion samples analyzed by TENGELSEN et al (1997), 46.0% of the animals presented deficiency in vitamin E, 80.1% were deficient in selenium, and 56.3% were deficient in both.…”

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, age information was not available for most part of the samples. Current literature reports 85.4-94.3% of abortions to occur at 6-9 months of gestation, but earlier abortions may be underestimated because of difficulty in finding small fetuses in pasture and the possibility of their consumption by carnivores (LAUGIER et al, 2011;HONG et al, 1993;SMITH et al, 2003;MARCOLONGO-PEREIRA et al, 2012;SILVA et al, 2018;MURASE et al, 2017;TENGELSEN et al, 1997). Following recommended procedures in collection and transport of samples to the laboratory and the adequate filling of clinical-epidemiological records are imperative to the effectiveness of the differential diagnosis (OIE, 2015;PITUCO et al, 2010).…”

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of equine abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in Brazil

et al. 2020

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Abortion and complications in reproduction are important causes of economic loss in horse breeding. Studies of its causal agents can help to identify the primary pathogens or other factors involved and define appropriate measures to reduce its occurrence. This research aimed to investigate the primary causes of equine abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in regions of Brazil. Tissue from aborted fetuses, stillbirths, neonates and foals submitted to the Biological Institute of São Paulo, Brazil, from January 2010 to July 2013 were processed for viral and bacterial isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), histology, and immunohistochemistry. Bacterial infection was the primary detected cause of abortion, found in 16 of the 53 animals submitted for bacterial analysis followed by viruses analysis in 2 of 105 animals, and noninfectious causes (neonatal isoerythrolysis) in 2 of 105 animals. Fungi were found in a single sample of 53 tested. The most frequent bacteria recovered were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, combined E. coli and Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Bacillus spp. The following agents were each observed in a single sample: Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Actinobacillus spp., and Rhodococcus equi. The predominant identification of fecal and other opportunistic bacteria as opposed to pathogens commonly associated with equine abortion, such as Leptospira spp. and equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1), suggests the need of improving hygiene management of breeding mares to prevent bacterial infection that may cause fetal loss, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality.

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“…In Japan, in 2007-2008, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus were the most frequently isolated bacteria (29.5%), followed by E. coli (20.5%) and Salmonella abortus equi (MURASE et al, 2017).…”

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Total 105mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of equine abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…Some resistance to Previous report showed that, the aborted fetuses due to EHV-1 infection were of normal weight and size (Platt, 1978). Recent study reported that EHV-1 cause large size of fetuses than normal occurs at 201-360 days of pregnancy and in the case of fetuses affected by other factors (Murase et al, 2017).…”

Section: Abortion Formmentioning

confidence: 98%

Equine Herpesvirus-1 Infection, Clinical Features, Treatment and Control

Ata¹,

Ghazy²,

Shaapan³

2020

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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E quine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) is Equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) is belong to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus, and species Equid alphaherpesvirus 1. It is a ubiquitous and highly contagious pathogen that causes a range of disease severities with outbreaks of notable economic impact (Ata et al.,2 018a, b; Tallmadge et al., 2018). It is a serious worldwide threaten to the horse industry (Lunn et al., 2009). The output of this disease includes one or more of the following clinical signs; severe respiratory manifestations, abortion storm in mares, neurological signs or even death (Walter et al., 2013; Damiani et al., 2014; Ata et al., 2018b). Inhalation of the virus infectious particle to the respiratory tract is the main route of infection, the initial replication of the virus occurs at the upper respiratory tract results in virus shedding in the nasal discharge (Kydd et al., 1994). Fever and respiratory clinical signs may appear, although some horses express subclinical shedding (Burgess et al., 2012). Within the first two weeks of infection, the clinical respiratory signs usually cease but returning of the lymph review Article Abstract | Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is a worldwide threaten affects the equine industry. The clinical features of EHV-1 infection included the respiratory, abortion, neonatal disease, and neurological forms with a frequently fatal outcome especially in the old age cases. The respiratory form characterized by fever, anorexia and nasal discharges. The abortion could occur in the last third of pregnancy either sporadically or progress into a storm. While in the case of myelencephalopathy, the signs ranged from mild ataxia to severe neurological deficits. Treatment of such cases depends on decreasing the inflammatory signs through using symptomatic and supportive treatment. So, a combination of free-radical scavengers, anticoagulants, and anti-inflammatory drugs, specific anti-herpesvirus drugs (e.g. acyclovir and valacyclovir) especially with the injection route rather the oral one are recommended. Because of the ubiquitous nature of the EHV-1 and the establishment of lifelong latency, elimination of the pathogen from the equine population is difficult. EHV-1 infection results in short-lived immunity which does not prevent re-infection. Although the modified live virus (MLV) and inactivated vaccines are available, it was shown to suppress EHV-1 disease not to limit the viral load. The MLV vaccines have an excellent safety record and can protect horses against clinical disease; however, their efficacy in preventing viremia, abortion, and neurological disease is unclear. Early diagnosis, prevention of further spread and management of clinical cases are the major priorities to control an outbreak. Prevention of virus spreading can be relatively achieved through sound biosecurity measures. This entails quarantine and isolation of new additions for at least a month, cleaning and disinfection of transportation equipment, fomites, and the ar...

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