Abordaje fisioterapéutico en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo II: de la revisión científica a la práctica rehabilitadora desde un enfoque neurorrehabilitador

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body does not use insulin that effectively affects people of any age group, linear monitoring is recommended because of the multiple and serious complications it generates. The treatments of choice are medication, diet and physical exercise. This article presents the analysis of the physiotherapeutic approach of people with type II diabetes mellitus in order to analyze the scope of the neurorehabilitator from a biopsychosocial model proposed by the ICF in 2001 from a review of the scientific literature. It was possible to identify a slow evolution of the rehabilitative vision of physiotherapy to people with diabetes mellitus from a biological model to a biopsychosocial model. The review shows that health professionals are not prepared to prevent or mitigate the onset of the disease and its complications holistically. It is necessary to include in the health and rehabilitation teams, transdisciplinary care, as well as a focus on social determinants such as the psychological and behavioral state of the person, family, social, cultural, environmental, labor, among other things, that allows improve the quality of life in the person with diabetes.