Abnormalities in the brain–immune system in psychotic disorders: from pathogenesis to prevention

Hashimoto, Kenji

doi:10.1007/s00406-017-0814-x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, several studies have described a significant increase in plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein as inflammatory biomarkers in patients with psychotic disorders. 3 Increased activation of inflammatory signaling pathways (such as NF-κB pathways) and altered anti- inflammatory activity are common factors in the pathophysiology of MS 4 and psychotic disorders. 5 Therefore, psychotic disorders can be a distinct clinical disorder or can be an initial presentation of MS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-episode psychosis as the initial presentation of multiple sclerosis: a case report

Enderami¹,

Fouladi²,

Hosseini³

2018

IMCRJ

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BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MS with episode of psychosis is a rare entity, and to the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported from Iran till date.Case presentationWe report a case of MS with first-episode psychosis in a 27-year-old single man with no history of psychiatric disorder or drug abuse. The patient developed neurological symptoms after 3 months and was finally diagnosed as a case of MS. His symptoms started with behavioral dysfunctions and progressively resulted in depression. Subsequently, treatment was performed with citalopram 20 mg daily, risperidone 2 mg three times a day, and biperiden 2 mg three times a day; however, no improvements in the symptoms were observed. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging has demonstrated periventricular and white matter multiple sclerotic plugs with lesions. Eventually, MS was diagnosed after the appearance of paresthesia, upper and lower limb muscle weakness, ataxia, and urinary incontinency as typical signs. Then, the medications were changed to methylprednisolone and interferon therapy, which resulted in improvements in the clinical conditions of the patient.ConclusionBased on the fact that organic disorders such as MS may sometimes appear with initial pure psychiatric symptoms without any neurological signs and symptoms, examinations for symptoms linked to CNS dysfunction, cognitive changes, atypical symptoms, detailed neurological examination, and limited response to conventional antipsychotic drugs are highly recommended to be carried out for patients with first-episode psychosis and even in the followup period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-episode psychosis as the initial presentation of multiple sclerosis: a case report

Enderami¹,

Fouladi²,

Hosseini³

2018

IMCRJ

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Berberine: Is it a Promising Agent for Mental Disorders Treatment?

Shayganfard

2023

CMP

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2: Effective and better-tolerated agents for treatment of most of psychiatric disorders are one of the main challenges. Recently, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants and neuroprotective agents as adjuvant therapy have been shown to be able to take role against the degenerative mechanisms commonly related to psychiatric conditions. Berberine, a biological active alkaloid derived from various plants, represents many pharmacological impacts, such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This compound also protects neurons and improves the survival, growth and action of nerve cells due to its high potential for crossing the blood-brain barrier. Ample evidence reported that berberine has been associated with CNS-related disorders including Alzheimer's, cerebral ischemia, mental depression, schizophrenia and anxiety. Thus, in this review we aimed to indicate the effectiveness of berberine on mental disorders.

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Abnormalities in the brain–immune system in psychotic disorders: from pathogenesis to prevention

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

First-episode psychosis as the initial presentation of multiple sclerosis: a case report

First-episode psychosis as the initial presentation of multiple sclerosis: a case report

Berberine: Is it a Promising Agent for Mental Disorders Treatment?

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