Abnormalities in liver enzyme levels during Salmonella enteritidis enterocolitis

González‐Quintela, Arturo; Campos, Joaquín; Alende, Rosario; López‐Soto, Alfons; Tomé, Santiago; Otero, Esteban; Torre, J A

doi:10.4321/s1130-01082004000800005

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the present study, S. Enteritidis infection significantly increased the serum ALP, whereas E. faecium supplementation reversed these alterations. According to a previous study, the abnormalities in liver enzyme levels are frequent during severe intestinal injuries due to S. Enteritidis infection (39), which is in line with these findings. However, the level of ALP was decreased in the serum of broilers with fungal infection (40).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Intestinal Mucosal Immunity-Mediated Modulation of the Gut Microbiome by Oral Delivery of Enterococcus faecium Against Salmonella Enteritidis Pathogenesis in a Laying Hen Model

et al. 2022

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Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) is a protective role that has crucial beneficial functions on intestinal homeostasis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of E. faecium on the laying performance, egg quality, host metabolism, intestinal mucosal immunity, and gut microbiota of laying hens under the Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) challenge. A total of 400 45-week-old laying hens were randomly divided into four treatments (CON, EF, SCON, and SEF groups) with five replicates for each group and 20 hens per replicate and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with E. faecium (2.5 × 108 cfu/g feed). The experiment comprised two phases, consisting of the pre-salmonella challenged phase (from day 14 to day 21) and the post-salmonella challenged phase (from day 21 to day 42). At day 21 and day 22, the hens in SCON and SEF groups were orally challenged with 1.0 ml suspension of 109 cfu/ml S. Enteritidis (CVCC3377) daily, whereas the hens in CON and EF groups received the same volume of sterile PBS. Herein, our results showed that E. faecium administration significantly improved egg production and shell thickness during salmonella infection. Also, E. faecium affected host lipid metabolism parameters via downregulating the concentration of serum triglycerides, inhibited oxidative stress, and enhanced immune functions by downregulating the level of serum malondialdehyde and upregulating the level of serum immunoglobulin G. Of note, E. faecium supplementation dramatically alleviated intestinal villi structure injury and crypt atrophy, and improved intestinal mucosal barrier injuries caused by S. Enteritidis challenge. Moreover, our data revealed that E. faecium supplementation ameliorated S. Enteritidis infection-induced gut microbial dysbiosis by altering the gut microbial composition (reducing Bacteroides, Desulfovibrio, Synergistes, and Sutterella, and increasing Barnesiella, Butyricimonas, Bilophila, and Candidatus_Soleaferrea), and modulating the gut microbial function, such as cysteine and methionine metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, salmonella infection, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, E. faecium has a strong capacity to inhibit the S. Enteritidis colonization of hens. The results highlight the potential of E. faecium supplementation as a dietary supplement to combat S. Enteritidis infection in animal production and to promote food safety.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Intestinal Mucosal Immunity-Mediated Modulation of the Gut Microbiome by Oral Delivery of Enterococcus faecium Against Salmonella Enteritidis Pathogenesis in a Laying Hen Model

et al. 2022

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“…Quantification of the bacterial colonization in the spleens and livers at day 14 post-infection revealed a significant decrease of the bacterial burden in the peptide vaccinated groups as compared to non-vaccinated mice (Figure 4A). The positive impact of the peptide vaccine on Salmonella disease was also reflected in the decreased serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (Figure 4B), which is known to be indicative for liver damage [36] and previously reported to be elevated in human salmonellosis [37], [38]. Analysis of the CD4 + T cell responses by ELISPOT revealed that the peptide vaccination resulted in a two-fold increase of the AhpC-specific CD4 + T cell response but the STM1540-specific CD4 + T cell response was decreased as compared to unvaccinated mice (Figure 4C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Polyfunctional CD4+ T Cell Responses to Immunodominant Epitopes Correlate with Disease Activity of Virulent Salmonella

et al. 2012

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Salmonella enterica serovars are intracellular bacteria capable of causing typhoid fever and gastroenteritis of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current prophylactic and therapeutic treatment is hampered by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Salmonella, and vaccines provide only temporal and partial protection in vaccinees. To develop more effective Salmonella vaccines, it is important to understand the development of protective adaptive immunity to virulent Salmonella. Here we report the identification of novel CD4+ T cell peptide epitopes, which are conserved among Salmonella serovars. Immunization of Salmonella-infected mice with these peptide epitopes reduces the burden of Salmonella disease. Furthermore, we show that distinct polyfunctional (interferon-γ+, tumor necrosis factor+, and interleukin-2+) Salmonella-specific CD4+ T cell responses develop with respect to magnitude and kinetics. Moreover, we found that CD4+ T cell responses against immunodominant epitopes are predictive for active Salmonella disease. Collectively, these data could contribute to improved diagnosis of Salmonella-related diseases and rational design of Salmonella vaccines.

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“…Severe enterocolitis due to S . Enteritidis infection affects liver enzyme levels ( González-Quintela et al, 2004 ) suggesting that the liver function may be impaired in this condition. Because of the increased residual concentration of propionate in blood, the most likely affected function is its transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Concentrations of Short Chain Fatty Acids Are Elevated in Salmonellosis and Exacerbation of Familial Mediterranean Fever

et al. 2016

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Gut microbiota-produced short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play an important role in the normal human metabolism and physiology. Although the gradients of SCFAs from the large intestine, where they are largely produced, to the peripheral blood as well as the main routes of SCFA metabolism by different organs are known well for the healthy state, there is a paucity of information regarding how these are affected in disease. In particular, how the inflammation caused by infection or autoinflammatory disease affect the concentration of SCFAs in the peripheral venous blood. In this work, we revealed that diseases caused either by infectious agents (two Salmonella enterica serovars, S. Enteritidis, and S. Typhimurium) or by the exacerbation of an autoinflammatory disease, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), both result in a significantly elevated systemic concentration of SCFAs. In the case of salmonellosis the concentration of SCFAs in peripheral blood was significantly and consistently higher, from 5- to 20-fold, compared to control. In the case of FMF, however, a significant increase of SCFAs in the peripheral venous blood was detected only in the acute phase of the disease, with a lesser impact in remission. It seems counterintuitive that the dysbiotic conditions, with a reduced number of gut microorganisms, produce such an effect. This phenomenon, however, must be appraised within the context of how the inflammatory diseases affect the normal physiology. We discuss a number of factors that may contribute to the “leak” and persistence of gut-produced SCFAs into the systemic circulation in infectious and autoinflammatory diseases.

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Abnormalities in liver enzyme levels during Salmonella enteritidis enterocolitis

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Intestinal Mucosal Immunity-Mediated Modulation of the Gut Microbiome by Oral Delivery of Enterococcus faecium Against Salmonella Enteritidis Pathogenesis in a Laying Hen Model

Intestinal Mucosal Immunity-Mediated Modulation of the Gut Microbiome by Oral Delivery of Enterococcus faecium Against Salmonella Enteritidis Pathogenesis in a Laying Hen Model

Polyfunctional CD4+ T Cell Responses to Immunodominant Epitopes Correlate with Disease Activity of Virulent Salmonella

Systemic Concentrations of Short Chain Fatty Acids Are Elevated in Salmonellosis and Exacerbation of Familial Mediterranean Fever

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