Abnormal visual field maps in human cortex: A mini-review and a case report

Haak, Koen V.; Langers, Dave R. M.; Renken, Remco; Dijk, Pim van; Borgstein, Johannes; Cornelissen, Frans W.

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2012.12.005

Cited by 32 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…However, abnormal activity in itself does not warrant the conclusion that cortical remapping has occurred (Masuda et al, 2008;Wandell and Smirnakis, 2009;Baseler et al, 2009;Masuda et al, 2010;Haak et al, 2014c field changes as controls with simulated lesions, indicating that these changes were caused by the absence of visual stimulation alone. Importantly, these voxels were found far into the LPZ, indicating that the receptive field changes could not be easily explained by measurement artifacts at the fringe of the LPZ (Haak et al, 2012;Binda et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 88%

“…After all, if children are capable of developing relatively normal vision even when an entire occipital lobe failed to develop (e.g., Werth, 2006, Muckli et al, 2009, but see Haak et al, 2014c), one might also expect the brain to at least ameliorate the consequences of a retinal lesion by dedicating the now-redundant resources of deafferented cortex to processing retinal inputs that are still intact. The net effect of such cortical remapping would be quite similar to the perceptual 'filling-in' f the blind-spot of the healthy retina, as well as the perceptual filling-in that occurs when someone stares steadily at an image ith patches f missing 'texture' for a prolonged period of time (Ramachandran and Gregory, 1991;Pettet and Gilbert, 1992;Komatsu, 2006;Weil and Rees, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plasticity, and Its Limits, in Adult Human Primary Visual Cortex

2015

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Article:Haak, Koen V, Morland, Antony B orcid.org/0000-0002-6754-5545 and Engel, Stephen A (2015) Plasticity, and Its Limits, in Adult Human Primary Visual Cortex. Multisensory Research. 297-307. ISSN 2213-4808 https://doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002496 eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Multisensory ResearchPlasticity, and its Limits, in Adult Human Primary Visual Cortex There is an ongoing debate about whether adult human primary visual cortex (V1) is capable of large-scale cortical reorganization in response to bilateral retinal lesions. Animal models suggest that the visual neural circuitry maintains some plasticity through adulthood, and there are also a few human imaging studies in support this notion. However, the interpretation of these data has been brought into question, because there are factors besides cortical reorganization that could also explain the results. Still, how reasonable would it be to accept that adult human V1 does not reorganize itself in the face of disease? Here, we discuss new evidence for the hypothesis that adult human V1 is not as capable of reorganization as in animals and juveniles, because in adult humans, cortical reorganization would come with costs that outweigh its benefits. These costs are likely functional and visible in recent experiments on adaptation a rapid, short-term form of neural plasticity where they prevent reorganization from being sustained over the long-term. Keywords AbstractThere is an ongoing debate about whether adult human primary visual cortex (V1) is capable of

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Plasticity, and Its Limits, in Adult Human Primary Visual Cortex

2015

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“…Indeed, in most of these studies reported previously (except that of Ho et al, 2009, in which the patient was studied 1 year post stroke; that of Dilks et al, 2007, in which the patient suffered from a stroke 6 months before the study; and that of Reitsma et al, 2013, in which 2/3 patients with abnormal retinotopic organization had acquired VFDs during adulthood), all the patients had a long-standing history of VFDs, because the injury had occurred earlier in their lives, thus probably allowing for a better reorganization (Goebel et al, 2001; Haak et al, 2014). Alternative explanations have been proposed to account for cortical reorganization.…”

Section: Cortical Reorganization/plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather than cortical reorganization or remapping, the findings may be more accurately accounted for by properties of neuronal receptive fields and modulatory feedback signals from extrastriate areas (Haak et al, 2012, 2014). For example, according to Haak et al (2014) the term “reorganization” implies the presence of long term anatomical changes (Wandell and Smirnakis, 2009).…”

Section: Cortical Reorganization/plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualizing the blind brain: brain imaging of visual field defects from early recovery to rehabilitation techniques

Urbanski

Coubard

Bourlon³

2014

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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Visual field defects (VFDs) are one of the most common consequences observed after brain injury, especially after a stroke in the posterior cerebral artery territory. Less frequently, tumors, traumatic brain injury, brain surgery or demyelination can also determine various visual disabilities, from a decrease in visual acuity to cerebral blindness. Visual field defects is a factor of bad functional prognosis as it compromises many daily life activities (e.g., obstacle avoidance, driving, and reading) and therefore the patient’s quality of life. Spontaneous recovery seems to be limited and restricted to the first 6 months, with the best chance of improvement at 1 month. The possible mechanisms at work could be partly due to cortical reorganization in the visual areas (plasticity) and/or partly to the use of intact alternative visual routes, first identified in animal studies and possibly underlying the phenomenon of blindsight. Despite processes of early recovery, which is rarely complete, and learning of compensatory strategies, the patient’s autonomy may still be compromised at more chronic stages. Therefore, various rehabilitation therapies based on neuroanatomical knowledge have been developed to improve VFDs. These use eye-movement training techniques (e.g., visual search, saccadic eye movements), reading training, visual field restitution (the Vision Restoration Therapy, VRT), or perceptual learning. In this review, we will focus on studies of human adults with acquired VFDs, which have used different imaging techniques (Positron Emission Tomography, PET; Diffusion Tensor Imaging, DTI; functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, fMRI; Magneto Encephalography, MEG) or neurostimulation techniques (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, TMS; transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, tDCS) to show brain activations in the course of spontaneous recovery or after specific rehabilitation techniques.

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“…The pRF method not only produces more accurate visual field maps than the conventional phase-encoded approach (Dumoulin & Wandell, 2008), it also enables estimation of additional neuronal quantities such as the size of pRFs. It is thus, an important method for clinical applications, for example, to reveal abnormal visual field maps in various diseases such as macular degeneration or atypical retinocortical projections (Haak et al, 2013). The standard pRF model (Dumoulin & Wandell, 2008) that is used to predict fMRI data is specified as a Gaussian with three free parameters, the position x 0 and y 0 of the pRF as well as its standard deviation (size) s. These parameters are defined in stimulus space (degrees of visual angle) making it easy to interpret resulting maps.…”

Section: Retinotopic Mapping With Fmrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Organization of the Primary Visual Cortex

Goebel

2015

Brain Mapping

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Abnormal visual field maps in human cortex: A mini-review and a case report

Cited by 32 publications

References 75 publications

Plasticity, and Its Limits, in Adult Human Primary Visual Cortex

Plasticity, and Its Limits, in Adult Human Primary Visual Cortex

Visualizing the blind brain: brain imaging of visual field defects from early recovery to rehabilitation techniques

Functional Organization of the Primary Visual Cortex

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