Abnormal ventral frontal response during performance of an affective go/no go task in patients with mania

Elliott, Richard M.; Ogilvie, Alan D.; Rubinsztein, Judy S.; Calderón, Gloria; Dolan, Raymond J.; Sahakian, Barbara J.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.03.007

Cited by 204 publications

(149 citation statements)

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“…In particular, subjects were quicker to respond to both positive and negative relative to neutral words; responses following both positive and negative words were faster than those following neutral words; and response inhibition to both positive and negative words led to slower RTs on immediately following trials than those following response inhibition to neutral words. Together, the data suggest the utility of ERP methods in conjunction with the affective Go/No task for precisely delineating both the neural dynamics of emotion-modulated response inhibition and potential anomalies in psychiatric pathologies characterized by difficulty disengaging from affective triggers (e.g., Casey et al, 2007;Elliott et al, 2004;Siegle et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Rostral ACC anomalies also normalize following successful treatment (Awata et al, 2002;Brody et al, 2001a;Brody et al, 2001b;Fu et al, 2004;Holthoff et al, 2004;Mayberg et al, 2000;Walsh et al, 2007). The affective Go/NoGo paradigm has begun to be implemented with clinical populations (Alexopoulos et al, 2007;Elliott et al, 2002;Elliott et al, 2004;Wessa et al, 2007), and this and similar tasks may be used as functional assays targeting discrete brain regions that have been associated with favorable treatment outcome, providing an easy-toimplement and cost-effective assessment with prognostic utility for individuals with major depressive disorder (Mayberg, 2007) Given the hypothesized role of the ACC in depression, we performed post-hoc exploratory analyses on depression symptoms in our subjects (assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II) and neural activation in the rACC. Subjects were divided via median split into "high" (≥ 8; N = 11; mean 4.1 ± 2.1) and "low" BDI (≤ 7; N = 12; mean 13.8 ± 4.7) groups.…”

Section: Implications For Major Depression and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissociable recruitment of rostral anterior cingulate and inferior frontal cortex in emotional response inhibition

2008

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The integrity of decision-making under emotionally evocative circumstances is critical to navigating complex environments, and dysfunctions in these processes may play an important role in the emergence and maintenance of various psychopathologies. The goal of the present study was to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of neural responses to emotional stimuli and emotionmodulated response inhibition. High-density event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured as participants (N = 25) performed an emotional Go/NoGo task that required button presses to words of a "target" emotional valence (i.e., positive, negative, neutral) and response inhibition to words of a different "distractor" valence. Using scalp ERP analyses in conjunction with source-localization techniques, we identified distinct neural responses associated with affective salience and affectmodulated response inhibition, respectively. Both earlier (~300 ms) and later (~700 ms) ERP components were enhanced with successful response inhibition to emotional distractors. Only ERPs to target stimuli differentiated affective from neutral cues. Moreover, source localization analyses revealed right ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) activation in affective response inhibition regardless of emotional valence, whereas rostral anterior cingulate activation (rACC) was potentiated by emotional valence but was not modulated by response inhibition. This dissociation was supported by a significant Region × Trial Type × Emotion interaction, confirming that distinct regional dynamics characterize neural responses to affective valence and affective response-inhibition. The results are discussed in the context of an emerging affective neuroscience literature and implications for understanding psychiatric pathologies characterized by a detrimental susceptibility to emotional cues, with an emphasis on major depressive disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Implications For Major Depression and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable recruitment of rostral anterior cingulate and inferior frontal cortex in emotional response inhibition

2008

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“…Compared with the schizophrenia group and healthy controls, the bipolar disorder group showed hyperconnectivity between MPFC and insula/ VLPFC regions. The MPFC, VLPFC, and the insula are important nodes of the emotional processing network (Elliott et al, 2004;Mayberg et al, 1999;Phillips et al, 2003a, b). Elevated activations in VLPFC have been observed in bipolar patients during an emotional Go-NoGo task (Elliott et al, 2004) and while viewing emotional faces (Lawrence et al, 2004), suggesting that dysfunction of the VLPFC may underlie the deficit in mood regulation in bipolar patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MPFC, VLPFC, and the insula are important nodes of the emotional processing network (Elliott et al, 2004;Mayberg et al, 1999;Phillips et al, 2003a, b). Elevated activations in VLPFC have been observed in bipolar patients during an emotional Go-NoGo task (Elliott et al, 2004) and while viewing emotional faces (Lawrence et al, 2004), suggesting that dysfunction of the VLPFC may underlie the deficit in mood regulation in bipolar patients. The MPFC and the VLPFC are anatomically connected as part of the medial prefrontal network, which has a major role in eliciting visceral and somatic responses to emotionally salient stimuli (Ö ngür and Price 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Medial Prefrontal Cortex Resting-State Connectivity in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Chai

Whitfield-Gabrieli

Shinn

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

284

204

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Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia overlap in symptoms and may share some underlying neural substrates. The medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) may have a crucial role in the psychophysiology of both these disorders. In this study, we examined the functional connectivity between MPFC and other brain regions in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 14 patients with bipolar disorder, 16 patients with schizophrenia, and 15 healthy control subjects. Functional connectivity maps from the MPFC were computed for each subject and compared across the three groups. The three groups showed distinctive patterns of functional connectivity between MPFC and anterior insula, and between MPFC and ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC). The bipolar disorder group exhibited positive correlations between MPFC and insula, and between MPFC and VLPFC, whereas the control group exhibited anticorrelations between these regions. The schizophrenia group did not exhibit any resting-state correlation or anticorrelation between the MPFC and the VLPFC or insula. In contrast, neither patient group exhibited the significant anticorrelation between dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and MPFC that was exhibited by the control group. The decoupling of DLPFC with MPFC in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia is consistent with the impaired executive functioning seen in these disorders. Functional connectivity between MPFC and insula/VLPFC distinguished bipolar disorder from schizophrenia, and may reflect differences in the affective disturbances typical of each illness.

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“…Several studies have documented reduced prefrontal activation (Blumberg et al, 2003, Mazzola-Pomietto et al, 2009, Rubinsztein et al, 2001, which has most often been found in the orbitofrontal cortex (Altshuler et al, 2005, Blumberg et al, 2003, Elliott et al, 2004, the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (Mazzola-Pomietto et al, 2009) and the frontal pole (Blumberg et al, 1999, Rubinsztein et al, 2001. However, reduced DLPFC activation has been found in studies that have used the n-back working memory task.…”

Section: Functional Imaging Studies In Schizoaffective Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological and Brain Functional Changes Across the Different Phases of Schizoaffective Disorder

Merce

Raduà

Amann

2015

European Psychiatry

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Schizoaffective disorder was first described by J. Kasanin in 1933, since then its nosology remains a matter of controversy. We aim to add further neurobiological findings to this debate.Memory and executive function were tested in 22 acutely ill schizoaffective patients; they also underwent fMRI scanning during performance of the n-back working memory test. The same measures were obtained after they had been in remission for ≥2 months. 22 matched healthy individuals were also examined.Compared to controls, acute schizoaffective patients showed reduced activation in the DLPFC and also a failure of deactivation in the medial frontal cortex (1).In clinical remission, schizomanic patients showed an improvement of memory but not of executive function, while schizodepressive patients did not change in either domain. All schizoaffective patients in clinical remission showed memory and executive impairment compared to the controls. On fMRI, acutely ill schizomanic patients had reversible frontal hypo-activation when compared to clinical remission, while activation patterns in ill and remitted schizodepressive patients were similar. The whole group of schizoaffective patients in clinical remission showed a failure of de-activation in the medial frontal gyrus compared to the healthy controls. There was evidence for memory improvement and state dependent changes in activation in schizomanic patients across relapse and remission (2).The results demonstrate that schizoaffective disorder is characterized by medial frontal failure of deactivation and hence default mode network dysfunction (3), which is present during both active illness and remission suggesting that it is a trait factor for the disorder.

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Abnormal ventral frontal response during performance of an affective go/no go task in patients with mania

Abstract: These results suggest a critical role for ventral and medial dysfunction in the pathology of mania, which might underpin aspects of cognitive and clinical symptomatology.

Cited by 204 publications

References 36 publications

Dissociable recruitment of rostral anterior cingulate and inferior frontal cortex in emotional response inhibition

Dissociable recruitment of rostral anterior cingulate and inferior frontal cortex in emotional response inhibition

Abnormal Medial Prefrontal Cortex Resting-State Connectivity in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

Neuropsychological and Brain Functional Changes Across the Different Phases of Schizoaffective Disorder

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