Abnormal patterns of the renal veins

Anjamrooz, Seyed Hadi; Azari, Hassan; Abedinzadeh, Mehdi

doi:10.5115/acb.2012.45.1.57

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The right renal vein receives blood only from the right kidney, but the left renal vein receives left gonadal and adrenal veins in addition to the vein coming from the left kidney (Anjamrooz et al, 2012). There is no difference in diameter between the left and the right renal vein (Satyapal et al, 1995) but possibly this asymmetry predispose the left RS for higher RS adipose tissue deposition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Adipose Tissue Storage in the Left and the Right Renal Sinus is Asymmetric and Associated With Serum Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels Increase

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveA potential mechanism by which obesity could promote hypertension and kidney diseases is through accumulation of adipose tissue in the renal sinus (RS). The aim of the study was to quantify RS and abdominal adipose tissue volumes and to evaluate serum kidney injury molecule (sKIM)-1 and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 association with different adipose tissue compartments.MethodsThe cross-sectional study included 280 and follow-up study-40 asymptomatic participants; aged 38.30 ± 4.10. For all study participants computed tomography examination was performed, sKIM-1 and FGF-21 levels were measured.ResultsThe results indicated asymmetrical deposition of adipose tissue into the RS even after corresponding kidney volume adjustment. The cross-sectional and the follow-up studies showed that sKIM-1 level was positively associated with RS adipose tissue volume increase for both genders. FGF-21 was positively associated with RS and retroperitoneal adipose tissue amount.ConclusionsRegardless of gender adipose tissue in RS accumulates asymmetrically–the left RS accumulates a significantly higher amount of adipose tissue. Thus, primarily RS adipose tissue effects should be assessed on the left kidney. Accumulation of adipose tissue in the RS is related with the visceral adipose amount, KIM-1 and FGF-21 concentration increase in the blood serum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Adipose Tissue Storage in the Left and the Right Renal Sinus is Asymmetric and Associated With Serum Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels Increase

et al. 2016

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“…Although a majority of these anatomic variations are asymptomatic and lack a clinical significance, inadequate knowledge and failure to recognize them can result in operative hazards including hemorrhage, nephrectomy, and even death [3, 4, 6]. Despite numerous previous publications regarding the variants of renal veins, we did not find any that resemble the anomaly reported here, even after an extensive literature search.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Moreover, awareness of these anomalies is also crucial in retroperitoneal surgeries especially renal transplantation or when a distal portal decompression is anticipated [6, 7]. If unrecognized, these variations may lead to significant complications or death during abdominopelvic operations [4, 8]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two divisions then unite to form a single renal vein that drains directly into the inferior vena cava (IVC) at a right angle on either side [4]. In the case presented, the anterior divisions drained normally into her IVC but the posterior divisions drained into the azygos and hemiazygos veins on the right and left side, respectively (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bilateral anomalous drainage of the posterior divisions of renal veins into the azygos venous system in a 20-year-old woman: a case report

Pallangyo¹,

Lyimo

Nicholaus³

et al. 2016

J Med Case Reports

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BackgroundRenal vein anomalies are relatively infrequent and generally asymptomatic. Preoperative knowledge of such variants is, however, of paramount importance in several angiographic and surgical procedures including renal venography, renal vein sampling, spermatic embolization, and renal transplantation. Inadequate knowledge and failure to recognize such anatomic variations may lead to several operative hazards including hemorrhage, nephrectomy, and even death.Case presentationWe report a case of bilateral anomalous drainage of the posterior divisions of renal veins into the azygos venous system in a 20-year-old woman of African descent from Tanzania who presented to us with a 12-year history of recurrent anemia. She had anemia, a positive sickling test, and hemoglobin electrophoresis revealed a sickle cell trait (AS). She underwent computed tomography angiography of her chest and abdomen to rule out the presence of arteriovenous malformations. Aortography findings were normal but venography results revealed features of tortuously dilated azygos and hemiazygos veins each receiving blood from its respective posterior division of renal vein.ConclusionsAlthough venous anomalies are relatively infrequent and generally lack a clinical significance, a thorough understanding of embryologic development and its associated errors is of immense importance in equipping angiographers and surgeons to select appropriate interventional/operative techniques, anticipate risks, and prevent intervention-related complications.

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“…Koc et al [9] observed this anomaly, not on cadaver, but on CT, and it was suggested that this condition may be associated with left-sided pelvic congestion syndrome. In the case observed by Anjamrooz et al [10], the patterns of the two retro-aortic renal veins were similar, however the left testicular vein joined the main renal vein. The left testicular vein in the present case drained into the bifurcation of the left main renal vein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The double retro-aortic left renal vein

et al. 2012

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The renal veins drain the kidney into the inferior vena cava and unite in a variable fashion to form the renal vein. The left renal vein is normally located in front of the aorta. However, the retro-aortic renal vein may course posterior to the aorta due to embryological developmental anomalies. During educational dissection, a rare variation of the left renal vein was found in a 66-year old male cadaver. The double retro-aortic renal veins coursed behind the aorta to drain into the inferior vena cava. The superior retro-aortic renal vein drained into the inferior vena cava at the lower border of the L2 vertebra, and the inferior retro-aortic renal vein drained into the inferior vena cava at the upper border of the L4 vertebra. Such a variant is rare, and is a clinically important observation which should be noted by vascular surgeons, oncologists, and traumatologists.

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Abnormal patterns of the renal veins

Cited by 27 publications

References 11 publications

Ectopic Adipose Tissue Storage in the Left and the Right Renal Sinus is Asymmetric and Associated With Serum Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels Increase

Ectopic Adipose Tissue Storage in the Left and the Right Renal Sinus is Asymmetric and Associated With Serum Kidney Injury Molecule-1 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Levels Increase

Bilateral anomalous drainage of the posterior divisions of renal veins into the azygos venous system in a 20-year-old woman: a case report

The double retro-aortic left renal vein

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