Abnormal optic disc and retinal vessels in children with surgically treated hydrocephalus

Andersson, Susann; Hellström, Ann

doi:10.1136/bjo.2008.142315

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1) Children with hydrocephalus have smaller disc areas, which might reflect reduced number and diameters of the optic nerve axons. 1) Children with hydrocephalus also have abnormal retinal vascular pattern, with straighter arteries and fewer branching points which are thought to reflect the reduced nutritional demands of fewer neural elements. 1) The fragility of the visual system associated with congenital hydrocephalus may result in rapid deterioration of visual ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) Children with hydrocephalus also have abnormal retinal vascular pattern, with straighter arteries and fewer branching points which are thought to reflect the reduced nutritional demands of fewer neural elements. 1) The fragility of the visual system associated with congenital hydrocephalus may result in rapid deterioration of visual ability. When the present patient was 14 years old, the bilateral optic discs had already shown moderate atrophy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12) Hydrocephalus is associated with a pre/perinatal developmental retinal disorder. 1) One study showed that 14% of patients with congenital hydrocephalus suffer from optic atrophy. 1) Children with hydrocephalus have smaller disc areas, which might reflect reduced number and diameters of the optic nerve axons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Visual Disturbance Following Shunt Malfunction in a Patient With Congenital Hydrocephalus

Oyama

Hattori

Kito

et al. 2012

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 25-year-old woman presented with complaints of nausea and headache. She had been treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus when she was 7 months old. Her bilateral optic discs showed moderate atrophy. Right visual acuity allowed only perception of hand movement and left visual acuity was 0.02 (1.2). Computed tomography (CT) showed mild ventricular dilation but no periventricular lucency. Intracranial pressure (ICP) was not high when the shunt valve was punctured. Her visual acuity deteriorated 5 days after the consultation. She was referred again 8 days after the first consultation. The bilateral optic discs were completely pale. Both pupils were dilated on admission, and the bilateral direct light reflexes were absent. The patient could slightly detect only green light stimulus. CT showed moderate enlargement of the ventricle. ICP was 47 cmH 2 O when the shunt valve was punctured. Shuntgraphy showed obstruction of the shunt at the distal end of peritoneal catheter. Emergent total shunt revision was performed. She could detect dark stimulus and the still-dilated left pupil had recovered direct light reflex on the next day. The visual acuity was 0.01 (0.7) on the left 6 months after the operation, although she was blind in the right eye and the bilateral optic discs were completely pale. Visual loss associated with shunt failure remains a major morbidity in shunted congenital hydrocephalus. Early diagnosis and shunt revision may allow visual recovery.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Visual Disturbance Following Shunt Malfunction in a Patient With Congenital Hydrocephalus

Oyama

Hattori

Kito

et al. 2012

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In another study, children with PVL had a significantly smaller disc area if the damage was estimated to have occurred before 28 postmenstrual weeks and a larger cup of the optic disc and a smaller neuronal rim area if the cerebral WMD was estimated to have occurred later than 28 postmenstrual weeks (13). Children operated on for hydrocephalus have been reported to have smaller optic disc and neuronal rim areas than controls (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight Deviation and Early Postnatal Growth Are Related to Optic Nerve Morphology at School Age in Children Born Preterm

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of early and later postnatal growth variables on optic disc morphology in children (n ϭ 53) born at gestational age Ͻ32 wk. On fundus photographs taken at a median age of 5.4 y, the optic discs were evaluated using digital image analysis and compared with those of a control group (n ϭ 203). The results were analyzed in relation to gestational age, birth weight (BW) SD score (SDS), IGF-1 weight at postmenstrual age 32 wk (SDS), and weight, length, and head circumference (SDS) at follow-up. The preterm children's optic disc and neuronal rim areas were smaller than in the control group. Low BW (SDS) and weight at wk 32 (SDS) were associated with larger area of the optic cup and reduced neuronal rim area. Preterm children with known brain lesions (n ϭ 6) had significantly larger cups than preterm children without known brain lesions. The association found between both low BW and poor early growth and later reduced neuronal tissue of the optic nerve indicate that early weight gain is important for neural development in preterm children. T he prematurely born infant is prone to neuronal and vascular tissue insults when born into extrauterine life during a sensitive period of maturation of the CNS, when synaptogenesis, apoptosis, myelination, reorganization, and vasculogenesis/angiogenesis take place.Preterm birth carries a high risk for peri-or postnatal brain lesions, and brain damage is a common cause of visual impairment in children in developed countries (1). White matter damage (WMD) occurs in 30 to 50% of children born before 30-wk gestational age (GA) (2,3) or with a birth weight (BW) Ͻ1500 g (4). Periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) is frequent in children born preterm and may cause visual impairment (5) and/or cerebral palsy (6). Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) has been reported to occur in 61% of infants born before 34-wk GA (7). It may be associated with variable degrees of ischemia and WMD and can cause hydrocephalus that may further impair vision.Preterm birth as well as poor intrauterine 1 growth in fullterm babies has been shown to be associated with subnormal disc and neuronal rim areas of the optic nerve and with an abnormal retinal vessel pattern (8 -12). McLoone et al. (7) reported, in a group of preterm infants with IVH, a trend toward smaller optic disc, neuronal rim, and cup area with increasing severity of IVH, but only children with IVH grade IV were reported to have a significantly increased incidence of optic nerve hypoplasia. They found no association between the optic disc morphology and timing of brain injury. Large cups in normal-sized optic discs have been reported in preterm children with PVL born at GA Ͻ37 wk (12). In another study, children with PVL had a significantly smaller disc area if the damage was estimated to have occurred before 28 postmenstrual weeks and a larger cup of the optic disc and a smaller neuronal rim area if the cerebral WMD was estimated to have occurred later than 28 postmenstrual weeks (13). Children ...

show abstract

“…Literature shows an increased use in paediatric research studies over the past decade (Ribeiro et al 2007;Jethani et al 2010;Holl et al 1998;Andersson and Hellström 2009;Farukhi, Dakkouri and Wang 2006;Salcone, Johnston and VanderVeen 2010;Li, Cheung and Liu 2011); however, clinically, we do not believe this is standard practice in most hospitals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Routine Orthoptic-led Paediatric Fundus Digital Imaging: Benefits to Patients and Healthcare System

Ramm

Bradbury

Parulekar

2018

British and Irish Orthoptic Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: Dilated fundus examinations are a vital, yet time-consuming and sometimes distressing part of paediatric ophthalmology examinations. Limited resources, personnel and time can result in prolonged waiting time and increase risk from delayed diagnosis and treatment. Using a Nikon D80 TopCon TRC-NW6S non-mydriatic fundus camera (TopCon (GB) Ltd, Newbury), we aimed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of orthoptic-led fundus digital imaging and the potential time and cost benefits to the healthcare system. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all digital fundus images taken over a six month period in 2012 (n = 616, age range 2.1–16.5 years, mean age 8.7 years). Results: Overall success rate for paediatric fundus digital imaging was 97%. Successful images were achieved in 87% of patients without the need for pupil dilation. Images were taken for a variety of clinical reasons. 45% of patients were discharged immediately, many with copies of photographs to facilitate follow-up with community optometrists. Conclusions: Orthoptic-led fundus digital imaging is an innovative, speedy, safe and efficient method of documenting fundal appearance, enabling serial documentation of stability/progression of ocular disease. It allows adequate examination of routine patients, freeing up time within busy clinics. Paediatric fundus digital imaging brings a potential positive cost benefit to healthcare systems under pressure, and facilitates skill development for allied health professionals.

show abstract

Abnormal optic disc and retinal vessels in children with surgically treated hydrocephalus

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Visual Disturbance Following Shunt Malfunction in a Patient With Congenital Hydrocephalus

Visual Disturbance Following Shunt Malfunction in a Patient With Congenital Hydrocephalus

Birth Weight Deviation and Early Postnatal Growth Are Related to Optic Nerve Morphology at School Age in Children Born Preterm

Routine Orthoptic-led Paediatric Fundus Digital Imaging: Benefits to Patients and Healthcare System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About