Abnormal Intestinal Permeability to Sugars in Villous Atrophy

Studies of osmotic diarrhea induced in normal subjects by ingestion of polyethylene glycol and lactulose.

“…The average weight of individual bowel movements increased significantly as daily stool weight increased (P < 0.001). The percent water content ofthe (n = 9) (n = 12) (n = 9) (n = 9) (n = 7 or9) (n = 9) (12), these amounts oflactulose must have reached the cecum. Fig.…”

“…Previous work by others has indicated that such metabolism would mitigate the severity ofdiarrhea (10, I 1); however, the degree ofstool water reduction and possible effects on stool electrolyte losses have not been quantitated. Lactulose was selected as the osmotic agent for this experiment because it is a disaccharide that is not absorbed by the small intestine (12) but is readily metabolized by colonic bacteria (13); by comparing results in lactulose and PEG-induced diarrhea the effects of metabolism of carbohydrates by bacteria could be assessed.…”

Non-invasive investigation of inflammatory bowel disease

“…The probes should preferably not be naturally present in urine, be completely excreted in the urine following intravenous administration and be easily and accurately measurable. Fordtran et al [14] were instrumental in the development of ideas for assessing intestinal permeability in man but it was Menzies who introduced oligosaccharides as test substances for the non-invasive assessment of intestinal permeability [15] in 1974, and later formulated the principle of differential urinary excretion of orally administered test substances [16] . The importance of the differential urinary excretion principle is that it overcomes most if not all the problems associated with the use of a single test substance, where urinary excretion is dependent on a number of preand post-mucosal factors as well as intestinal permeability.…”

“…Tests of intestinal permeability were initially designed to allow reliable non-invasive detection of patients with untreated coeliac disease [16] . The tests have since come to be viewed as synonymous with assessing intestinal barrier function.…”

Constipations in Children

“…Была отмечена низкая частота побочных эффектов при ее применении. Поэтому длительное применение препарата в рекомен-дованных дозах, необходимое, прежде всего, при хрони-ческом запоре, не сопровождается такими нежелатель-ными явлениями, как потеря электролитов или развитие толерантности, которые наблюдаются при применении других слабительных средств [14]. Лактулоза не встреча-ется в природе и представляет собой дисахарид, синтези- считается стандартным препаратом, предназначен-ным для профилактики и лечения даже самых тяже-лых форм печеночной энцефалопатии; коррекция состава микрофлоры кишечника: явля-• ясь пребиотиком, препарат поддерживает полезные для здоровья функции физиологической мик рофлоры кишечника и имеет широкий спектр терапевтиче-ских возможностей.…”