Abnormal cytology in oropharyngeal brushings and in oral rinses is not associated with HPV infection: The OHMAR study

Benevolo, Maria; Rollo, Francesca; Giuliani, Massimo; Pichi, Barbara; Latini, Alessandra; Pellini, Raul; Vescio, Maria Fenicia; Morrone, Andrea; Cristaudo, Antonio; Donà, Maria Gabriella

doi:10.1002/cncy.22295

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Oral cytology has also been investigated as a method to detect HPV-associated morphological changes in asymptomatic individuals. Different cytological techniques have been evaluated, although with low success [17][18][19][20]. A study based on oral liquid cytology with rinsing and shaving carried out with HIV-infected patients showed only 6% of the cytological alterations [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different cytological techniques have been evaluated, although with low success [17][18][19][20]. A study based on oral liquid cytology with rinsing and shaving carried out with HIV-infected patients showed only 6% of the cytological alterations [19]. Another recent study in which conventional cytology was performed directly on the amygdala also observed 6% of atypia cases [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploratory study of an oral screening dysplasia program for HIV-infected men who have sex with men

Callejo

Molina

Dinarès

et al. 2022

Aids

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Background:HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk to develop human papilloma virus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer. The aim of our study was to assess the usefulness of a pilot oral dysplasia screening program and its correlation with an anal dysplasia screening program.Methods:This was a prospective study with HIV-infected MSM. Oral and anal screenings were performed based on HPV determination, liquid cytology, direct and microscopy oral examinations, high-resolution anoscopy and biopsies, if necessary.Results:A total of 103 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 44.6 years, 55.3% were smokers, and 57.3% had a history of previous anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). The prevalence of oral HPV infections was 14% (9% HPV-high risk), the prevalence of abnormal cytology was 25.2%, and in 4.8% of the patients, oral examinations showed suspicious HSILs. Oral microscopy did not detect additional lesions that visual inspection. Five oral biopsies were performed and the results were normal. No risk factors for oral HPV infections were identified. The prevalence of anal HPV infections was 88.3% (76.7% HPV-high risk), 52.9% of the patients had altered cytology, and in 45.6% anoscopy showed changes suggestive of HSILs. Seventy-two anal biopsies were performed, detecting 25 cases of HSILs (24.3%).A poor correlation was observed between oral and anal HPV infections (κ = 0.037).Conclusions:The prevalence of oral HPV infections, abnormal cytology and lesions in HIV-infected MSM was low, and their correlation with anal HPV-related lesions was slight. These results confirm the current barriers to oral dysplasia screening techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory study of an oral screening dysplasia program for HIV-infected men who have sex with men

Callejo

Molina

Dinarès

et al. 2022

Aids

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“…In the OHMAR study by Benevolo et al, testing of oropharyngeal cytobrush samples and oral rinse and gargle specimens were testing by cytological evaluation and HPV genotyping, respectively, in a group of men who have sex with men at 6-months intervals. The study found that infection of high-risk HPVs, including HPV 16 did not increase the risk for cytologic abnormalities [158]. While these and other studies highlight the growing value of oral cytology, further research is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of this screening methodology in the same light as HPV driven cervical cytology, including the inability to access the target anatomical sites region like the tonsils or base of the tongue [159].…”

Section: Screeningmentioning

confidence: 89%

Exploring the role of HPV: from Sexually transmitted infection to Oropharyngeal Cancers

Srinivasan Rajsri,

Rao,

Vardhman

2024

Preprint

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one the most common sexually transmitted infections (STI), spreading through direct sexual contact to oropharynx and anogenital regions. Although most infected individuals may be asymptomatic and naturally undergo viral clearance, in some individuals’ HPV infection causes carcinogenesis of the infected epithelia. HPV now accounts for over 70% of oropharyngeal carcinomas (OPC). Over 90% of these OPC are associated with HPV 16, one of the 14 high-risk subtypes. In recent years, HPV positive (HPV+) OPC has been one of the most rapidly rising cancers, by new cancer incidence rates, especially among men. They present some unique infection driven cellular and molecular features, in comparison to other head and neck carcinomas (HNC), constituting distinct preventive, therapeutic and prognostic strategies - with significant strides made in this area. However, HPV+OPC are routinely detected at a later stage, adding to the disease burden and overall survival. In this review, we provide a summary of HPV from a STI to malignant transformation, while also parsing through the immune response environment. We further collate key literature around infection sites, diagnostics and clinical management, while throwing light on the current state of epidemiology, transmission, screening and prevention strategies. Indeed, our improving understanding of the disease’s molecular biology has added some success to the prognostic outcomes of certain HPV+OPC across clinical trials examining targeted therapeutics and immunotherapy. This work is directed towards improving our current understanding of HPV and associated oncogenic landscape, to guide screening, early detection, triaging and further prevention and management strategies.

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“…The false-positive cases observed in our study showed “atypical” cells, most likely an overinterpretation of reparative changes as a consequence of the treatment received, representing a barrier when evaluating cytomorphology. Moreover, cytologic abnormalities in oropharyngeal brushings and oral rinses can be associated with smoking and drinking habits [ 22 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of liquid-based brush cytology and HPV detection for the diagnosis and management of patients with oropharyngeal and oral cancer

et al. 2021

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Objectives This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of liquid-based brush cytology for malignancy diagnosis and HPV detection in patients with suspected oropharyngeal and oral carcinomas, as well as for the diagnosis of tumoral persistence after treatment. Material and methods Seventy-five patients with suspicion of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx or oral cavity were included. Two different study groups were analyzed according to the date of the sample collection: (1) during the first endoscopy exploration and (2) in the first control endoscopy after treatment for squamous cell carcinoma. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy for malignancy diagnosis as well as for HPV-DNA detection on brush cytologies were assessed. Results Before treatment, the brush cytology showed a sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 88%. After treatment, it showed a sensitivity of 71%, specificity of 77%, and accuracy of 75%. HPV-DNA detection in cytology samples showed a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 91% before treatment and an accuracy of 100% after treatment. Conclusions Liquid-based brush cytology showed good accuracy for diagnosis of oropharyngeal and oral squamous cell carcinoma before treatment, but its value decreases after treatment. Nevertheless, it is useful for HPV-DNA detection, as well as to monitor the patients after treatment. Clinical relevance Brush cytology samples are reliable for the detection of HPV-DNA before and after treatment and may be a useful method to incorporate in the HPV testing guidelines.

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Abnormal cytology in oropharyngeal brushings and in oral rinses is not associated with HPV infection: The OHMAR study

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Exploratory study of an oral screening dysplasia program for HIV-infected men who have sex with men

Exploratory study of an oral screening dysplasia program for HIV-infected men who have sex with men

Exploring the role of HPV: from Sexually transmitted infection to Oropharyngeal Cancers

Accuracy of liquid-based brush cytology and HPV detection for the diagnosis and management of patients with oropharyngeal and oral cancer

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