Abnormal concentration of porphyrins in serum from COVID‐19 patients

Juan, Itxaso San; Bruzzone, Chiara; Bizkarguenaga, Maider; Bernardo‐Seisdedos, Ganeko; Laín, Ana; Gil‐Redondo, Rubén; Diercks, Tammo; Gil‐Martínez, Jon; Urquiza, Pedro; Arana, Eunate; Seco, Marisa; Vicuña, Aitor García de; Embade, Nieves; Mato, José M.; Millet, Óscar

doi:10.1111/bjh.17060

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Several common metabolic pathways were identified by comparing COVID-19 patients with healthy subjects. The most significantly perturbed pathway is Porphyrin metabolism or Heme biosynthesis, which is consistent with previous reports [ 31 , 32 ]. The SARS-CoV-2 virus could capture hemoglobin, displace iron and decrease the ability of carrying oxygen, thus causing respiratory distress and coagulation reactions, damaging multi-organs [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Global Metabolomics Datasets

et al. 2021

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The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the world since 2019, causing a global pandemic. The pathogenesis of the viral infection and the associated clinical presentations depend primarily on host factors such as age and immunity, rather than the viral load or its genetic variations. A growing number of omics studies have been conducted to characterize the host immune and metabolic responses underlying the disease progression. Meta-analyses of these datasets have great potential to identify robust molecular signatures to inform clinical care and to facilitate therapeutics development. In this study, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of publicly available global metabolomics datasets obtained from three countries (United States, China and Brazil). To overcome high heterogeneity inherent in these datasets, we have (a) implemented a computational pipeline to perform consistent raw spectra processing; (b) conducted meta-analyses at pathway levels instead of individual feature levels; and (c) performed visual data mining on consistent patterns of change between disease severities for individual studies. Our analyses have yielded several key metabolic signatures characterizing disease progression and clinical outcomes. Their biological interpretations were discussed within the context of the current literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive meta-analysis of global metabolomics datasets of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Global Metabolomics Datasets

et al. 2021

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“…San Juan et al quantified the total porphyrin content in the serum of 134 Covid-19 patients in the acute phase of the disease (confirmed by positive rt-PCR testing) through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). They reported an abnormal accumulation of porphyrins in association with severe Covid‐19 [ 61 ]. Porphyrins possessing free iron, and other ROS/oxidants generated from the ensuing inflammation create a toxic milieu that causes protein aggregation [ 62 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 and Ppixmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2, hemoglobin and protoporphyrin IX: Interactions and perspectives

Courrol

Silva

Masilamani

2021

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

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Background SARS-CoV-2 attacks hemoglobin through its structural protein ORF3a, dissociating the iron from the heme, as iron is necessary by cell machinery for virus replication. In this process protoporphyrin (PpIX) is released. Methods The decrease in the hemoglobin levels observed in patients with Covid-19 is frequently accompanied by an increase in PpIX levels. This evidence was confirmed by the quantification of PpIX by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). PpIX emission is observed in its two characteristic bands at approximately 635 nm and 705 nm. Results This paper searches to understand the role of heme and PpIX inside the cells. Perspectives on the use of PpIX fluorescence as a sensor to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the tissue, blood, urine, or feces to map the evolution and severity of the disease or to monitor the response of the Covid-19 treatment modalities were described. Conclusion Fluorescence spectroscopy could be adopted as an excellent diagnostic technique for Covid-19, of low cost and high sensitivity. This method can potentially be used as a marker to monitor the response to the treatments. Photodynamic and sonodynamic therapies using the endogenous PpIX increased in the acute phase of the disease, could be employed for Covid-19 treatment.

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“…6 Patients with severe COVID-19 have been shown to have an abnormal accumulation of porphyrins in the blood. 17 ABO blood groups have also been shown to be associated with outcome. Group O is associated with lower risk of severe COVID-19 compared with non-O blood groups, whereas blood group A is associated with higher risk compared with non-A blood groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever in the returning traveller : dual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Parker

Nell

Mowlana

et al. 2020

The Journal of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology of Sou

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Background: More than 90% of the global 400 000 annual malaria deaths occur in Africa. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in more than 830 000 deaths in its first 10 months. Case presentation: This case describes a patient who had travelled from Mozambique to Cape Town, presented with a mild febrile illness, and was diagnosed with both COVID-19 and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection. She responded well to malaria treatment and had an uneventful COVID-19 admission. Her blood smear showed a low malaria parasitaemia and a relatively high gametocyte load. Conclusion: We postulate that her clinical course and abnormal smear could well be due to reciprocal disease-modifying effects of the infections. The presenting symptoms of COVID-19 may mimic endemic infectious diseases including malaria, tuberculosis, pneumocystis pneumonia and influenza thus there is a need for clinical vigilance to identify and treat such co-infections.

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Abnormal concentration of porphyrins in serum from COVID‐19 patients

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Global Metabolomics Datasets

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Global Metabolomics Datasets

SARS-CoV-2, hemoglobin and protoporphyrin IX: Interactions and perspectives

Fever in the returning traveller : dual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium falciparum malaria

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