Abnormal auditory brainstem response in the pons region in youth with autism

A Systematic Review of Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…Amplitudes are not commonly examined, and results are inconsistent. A group found peak III amplitude to be lower for ASD when a forward masking condition was applied ( Figure 2B ; Källstrand et al, 2010 ) while two others found it to be higher (Ververi et al, 2015 ; Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019 ). Another study found that the ASD group had higher correlation between right and left ears compared to the typically developing participants (Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019 ) which could be related to difficulties in the processing of everyday sounds.…”

“…Morphological and structural changes in brainstem size and shape of key brainstem nuclei are observed in both autistic humans (Gaffney et al, 1988;Hashimoto et al, 1989Hashimoto et al, , 1992aHashimoto et al, ,b, 1993aHashimoto et al, ,b, 1995Herbert et al, 2003;Craig et al, 2007;Kulesza and Mangunay, 2008;Jou et al, 2009;Toal et al, 2010;Kulesza et al, 2011;Fredo et al, 2014;Wegiel et al, 2014;Hanaie et al, 2016;Andersson et al, 2020) and in rodent models of autism (Lukose et al, 2011;Ruby et al, 2015;Garcia-Pino et al, 2017;Ida-Eto et al, 2017;Rotschafer and Cramer, 2017;Zimmerman et al, 2018Zimmerman et al, , 2020Tsugiyama et al, 2020). Moreover, functional abnormalities are also observed in autistic humans (Tanguay et al, 1982;Ming et al, 2005;Jou et al, 2009;Källstrand et al, 2010;Magliaro et al, 2010;Dabbous, 2012;Travers et al, 2015;Ververi et al, 2015;Hanaie et al, 2016;Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019;Granovetter et al, 2019) and rodent models of autism (Strata et al, 2005;Rotschafer et al, 2015;Scott et al, 2018;Felix et al, 2019). Some studies leveraged the...…”

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“…The differences of functional measures of the brainstem such as ABR indicate some form of abnormality. A common ABR abnormality is in the peak III amplitude and/or latency (Tanguay et al, 1982;Källstrand et al, 2010;Magliaro et al, 2010;Dabbous, 2012;Ververi et al, 2015;Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019) which is suggested to be an indicator of SOC (Moller, 2006) activity. Additionally, ABR abnormalities are also seen in animal models such as Fmr1 KO mice (Rotschafer et al, 2015), α7-nAChR KO mice (Felix et al, 2019), Cntnap2 KO rats (Scott et al, 2018) and PA (Strata et al, 2005).…”

“…The results of ABR are less consistent in terms of how the waves of autistic individuals are different than control but the general trend indicates some form of abnormality (Tanguay et al, 1982;Maziade et al, 2000;Rosenhall et al, 2003;Tas et al, 2007;Russo et al, 2008Russo et al, , 2009Källstrand et al, 2010;Magliaro et al, 2010;Azouz et al, 2014;El Shennawy et al, 2014;Wegiel et al, 2014;Ververi et al, 2015;Miron et al, 2016Miron et al, , 2021Chen et al, 2019;Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019;Ramezani et al, 2019;Jones et al, 2020;Kamita et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020).…”

“…Amplitudes are not commonly examined, and results are inconsistent. A group found peak III amplitude to be lower for ASD when a forward masking condition was applied (Figure 2B; Källstrand et al, 2010) while two others found it to be higher (Ververi et al, 2015;Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019). Another study found that the ASD group had higher correlation between right and left ears compared to the typically developing participants (Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019) which could be related to difficulties in the processing of everyday sounds.…”