Abnormal asymmetries in subcortical brain volume in early adolescents with subclinical psychotic experiences

Okada, Naohiro; Yahata, Noriaki; Koshiyama, Daisuke; Morita, Kentaro; Sawada, Kingo; Kanata, Sho; Fujikawa, Shinya; Sugimoto, Noriaki; Toriyama, Rie; Masaoka, Mio; Koike, Shinsuke; Araki, Tsuyoshi; Kano, Yukiko; Endo, Kaori; Yamasaki, Syudo; Ando, Shuntaro; Nishida, Atsushi; Hiraiwa‐Hasegawa, Mariko; Kasai, Kiyoto

doi:10.1038/s41398-018-0312-6

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Enlarged volume of left-lateral ventricle found in adolescents with HDS are concordant with large scale studies of schizophrenia (Naohiro Okada et al, 2018;van Erp et al, 2016), FEP (Ellison-Wright et al, 2008) patients, as well as in adolescents with SPEs (Naohiro Okada et al, 2018). However, in FEP patients, some contradiction exist, as longitudinal studies have showed a progressive enlargement occurring after the first episode and especially within the first years of illness (Kempton et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…To date, studies investigating psychometric schizotypy have employed cross-sectional designs with success in identifying cerebral alterations linked to the expression of schizotypy (Kühn et al, 2012a;Naohiro Okada et al, 2018), but their ability to provide information about developmental trajectories is limited. The present study investigates dynamic changes in subcortical structure development in relation to the three dimensions of schizotypy (positive, negative and disorganized).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental trajectories of subcortical structures in relation to dimensional schizotypy expression along adolescence

Derome

Zöller

Modinos

et al. 2020

Schizophrenia Research

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Morphological abnormalities of subcortical structures have been consistently reported along the schizophrenia clinical spectrum, and they may play an important role in the pathophysiology of psychosis. However, the question arises whether these subcortical features are consequences of medication and illness chronicity, or if they contribute to the vulnerability to develop schizophrenia spectrum disorders. If some of the subcortical abnormalities could be evidenced in community adolescents expressing higher schizotypal traits (psychometric schizotypy), they could potentially shed light on vulnerability markers. To date, very few studies have examined the link between psychometric schizotypy and volumes of subcortical regions, and none of them have used a longitudinal design. This study sets out to investigate developmental trajectories of subcortical volumes in 110 community adolescents (12 to 20 years old), for whom MRI-scans were acquired over a period of 5 years, reaching a total of 297 scans. Analyses were conducted using Freesurfer, and schizotypal traits were measured with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Using mixed model regression analyses following a region-of-interest approach, we observed differential linear developmental trajectories in four subcortical structures when comparing higher versus lower scorers on the disorganized schizotypy dimension (bilateral hippocampus, left-lateral ventricle and left-pallidum) and the negative schizotypy dimension (bilateral pallidum, and right-thalamus). All results survived a threshold of p<.05 (FDR-corrected) while covarying for the effect of other psychological problems (externalized and internalized psychopathology). These results indicate that expression of higher levels of negative and disorganized schizotypy during adolescence was associated with neural markers linking schizotypy personality features to schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental trajectories of subcortical structures in relation to dimensional schizotypy expression along adolescence

Derome

Zöller

Modinos

et al. 2020

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Smaller caudate volume has previously been reported in first episode psychosis 64 , with further decreases as psychotic symptoms worsen 65 . There are also studies reporting larger volumes of striatal structures in schizophrenia 66 but these tend to be linked to antipsychotic drug exposure. A larger accumbens has been linked resilience to subclinical symptoms 67 , while decreased volume of the putamen has been associated with AVHs in the context of schizophrenia 68 .…”

Section: Gray Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Grey and white matter associations of psychotic-like experiences in a general population sample (UK Biobank)

et al. 2021

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There has been a substantial amount of research reporting the neuroanatomical associations of psychotic symptoms in people with schizophrenia. Comparatively little attention has been paid to the neuroimaging correlates of subclinical psychotic symptoms, so-called “psychotic-like experiences” (PLEs), within large healthy populations. PLEs are relatively common in the general population (7–13%), can be distressing and negatively affect health. This study therefore examined gray and white matter associations of four different PLEs (auditory or visual PLEs, and delusional ideas about conspiracies or communications) in subjects of the UK Biobank study with neuroimaging data (N = 21,390, mean age = 63 years). We tested for associations between any PLE (N = 768) and individual PLEs with gray and white matter brain structures, controlling for sex, age, intracranial volume, scanning site, and position in the scanner. Individuals that reported having experienced auditory hallucinations (N = 272) were found to have smaller volumes of the caudate, putamen, and accumbens (β = −0.115–0.134, pcorrected = 0.048–0.036), and reduced temporal lobe volume (β = −0.017, pcorrected = 0.047) compared to those that did not. People who indicated that they had ever believed in unreal conspiracies (N = 111) had a larger volume of the left amygdala (β = 0.023, pcorrected = 0.038). Individuals that reported a history of visual PLEs (N = 435) were found to have reduced white matter microstructure of the forceps major (β = −0.029, pcorrected = 0.009), an effect that was more marked in participants who reported PLEs as distressing. These associations were not accounted for by diagnoses of psychotic or depressive illness, nor the known risk factors for psychotic symptoms of childhood adversity or cannabis use. These findings suggest altered regional gray matter volumes and white matter microstructure in association with PLEs in the general population. They further suggest that these alterations may appear more frequently with the presentation of different psychotic symptoms in the absence of clinically diagnosed psychotic disorders.

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“…Asymmetries in brain organization are often considered at an average level across a population of individuals (7,10,(13)(14)(15). Also called directional asymmetries (12,16), they have been studied extensively and are thought to have important implications for both functional lateralization and abnormal brain function in a wide range of psychiatric and neurological diseases (5,11,15,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). However, the specific regions showing these asymmetries, their directions, and their magnitudes are often inconsistent (10,11,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The individuality of shape asymmetries of the human cerebral cortex

Chen

Arnatkevičiūtė

McTavish

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Asymmetries of the cerebral cortex are found across diverse phyla and occur at multiple spatial scales, from the global morphology of the two hemispheres to fine-grained sulcal and gyral anatomy. Cortical asymmetries are particularly pronounced in humans and have important implications for brain function and disease. However, most studies conflate asymmetries in regional size and shape and only consider effects at fairly fine-grained resolutions, such as image voxels or a priori regions-of-interest. As such, whether asymmetries are preferentially expressed at specific spatial resolutions over others remains unclear. Here, we apply a spectral shape analysis to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from three independent samples to derive a multiscale description of asymmetries in cortical shape that is distinct from regional size-related descriptors such as volume or thickness. We show that our proposed shape asymmetry signature (SAS) is a highly individualized feature, akin to a cortical fingerprint, that more accurately identifies individuals than size-based descriptors or measures of inter-regional functional coupling of brain activity. Notably, individual identifiability is optimal at coarse spatial scales (~37 mm wavelength), and shape asymmetries at specific scales show differences between males and females but are unrelated to the handedness. We further demonstrate that while unihemispheric shape descriptors show significant heritability at coarse scales, the SAS are determined primarily by unique environmental effects across all scales considered. Our findings thus identify coarse-scale scale asymmetries of cortical shape as being highly unique to individuals, sexually dimorphic, and largely driven by stochastic environmental influences.

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Abnormal asymmetries in subcortical brain volume in early adolescents with subclinical psychotic experiences

Cited by 34 publications

References 63 publications

Developmental trajectories of subcortical structures in relation to dimensional schizotypy expression along adolescence

Developmental trajectories of subcortical structures in relation to dimensional schizotypy expression along adolescence

Grey and white matter associations of psychotic-like experiences in a general population sample (UK Biobank)

The individuality of shape asymmetries of the human cerebral cortex

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