Ablative Fractional Versus Nonablative Fractional Lasers—Where Are We and How Do We Compare Differing Products?

Saline in Dermatology: A literature review

“…Atrophic acne scars are the most common type of scars occurring as a complication of inflammatory acne vulgaris 54,55 with three main types are present; ice pick, rolling, and boxcar scars 56 …”

“…Atrophic acne scars are the most common type of scars occurring as a complication of inflammatory acne vulgaris 54,55 with three main types are present; ice pick, rolling, and boxcar scars. 56 In 2015, Bagherani et al 57 introduced saline injection therapy for the first time as a safe and effective treatment option for the atrophic acne scars.…”

Dual‐plane hyaluronic acid treatment for atrophic acne scars

“…Six patients had previously undergone laser treatment, four had undergone radiofrequency treatment, but none had been treated by injectables before the study. The average duration of scars was 8 (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) years. The baseline demographics are presented in Table 1.…”

“…The pathogenesis of atrophic acne scarring is most likely related to inflammatory mediators and enzymatic degradation of collagen fibers and subcutaneous fat . The most basic and practical system divides atrophic acne scars into three main types known as ice pick, rolling, and boxcar . Many types of treatment are available to reduce the appearance of these scars, but the treatment of acne scars needs to be individually tailored for each patient depending on the types of scars present.…”

A Prospective Study Evaluating the Use of Helium Plasma for Dermal Resurfacing

“…Following experimental use of radiofrequency (RF) energy to create a superficial skin injury through a conductive gel plasma interface (coblation) [4], alternative skin rejuvenation treatments that have entered widespread clinical use include non-ablative fractional resurfacing (NFR) [5,6], ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR) [7], treatment with dual-wavelength NFR lasers (e.g., 1550 and 1927 nm) [8] as well as dual-modality AFR and NFR (e.g., micro-ablative 2940 nm and non-ablative 1470 nm) [9], variable depth RF microneedle treatments [10] and nitrogen plasma skin regeneration (PSR) [11,12]. Known as the fourth state of matter, plasmas are gases in temporary higher energy states wherein electrons have transitioned to higher orbits and where the higher energy states quickly dissipate without additional energy input.…”