Ablation of liquid benzene by pulsed ultraviolet (248 or 308 nm) laser radiation

Srinivasan, R.; Ghosh, Arko

doi:10.1016/0009-2614(88)87064-7

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The ablation threshold was correlated to the photochemical reactivities of the derivatives. Formation of photoproducts in laser ablation of liquid benzene by a 248 and 308 nm pulses was observed by Srinivasan and Ghosh [3] and ascribed to the photochemical decomposition following two-photon absorption. On the other hand, in the investigation of the ablation of a benzene film with the same wavelength, 248 nm, Buck and Hess [4] pointed out the importance of thermal processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…A set of parameters is chosen to represent the chlorobenzene solid. To achieve a correct density of chlorobenzene (1.1064 g/cm 3 ), the equilibrium radius of the spherical particles representing these molecules in the breathing sphere model is chosen to be 1.59 Å. The properties of model chlorobenzene solid such as sublimation energy of 0.612 eV, elastic bulk modulus of about 5 GPa, the calculated vibrational spectra are typical for organic solids.…”

Section: Computational Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of the photochemical fragmentation in laser ablation: a molecular dynamics study

Yingling

Zhigilei

Garrison

2001

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Computational Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the photochemical fragmentation in laser ablation: a molecular dynamics study

Yingling

Zhigilei

Garrison

2001

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry

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“…In the presence of oxygen, phenol is formed through a hydrogen abstraction reaction of 1 with molecular oxygen. Alternatively, the addition of O 2 to the benzene ring of 1 produces hydroxyl-2,4-cyclohexadienyl-6-peroxyl radical (2). The direct elimination of HO 2 radicals from 2 gives phenol.…”

Section: ¹1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Carbon nanomaterials are usually synthesized by combustion at high temperature or arc-discharges, but it is also well known that high fluence laser irradiation results in the formation of soot from liquid organic molecules such as benzene. 2 The production of elemental carbon from liquid benzene is initiated by photothermal CH bond breaking with nanosecond high fluence UV laser pulses, 2 because the accumulation of photon energy by absorption and internal conversion finally results in high temperature in solution. 3 The formation of CNPs from neat benzene by focusing femtosecond near-infrared (NIR) laser pulses was reported recently.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Carbon Nanoparticles from Benzene/Water Bilayer Solution with Femtosecond Laser Generated Plasma Filaments in Water

Hamaguchi¹,

Okamoto²,

Mitamura³

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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We synthesized hydrophilic and hydrophobic carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) by femtosecond laser (0.8¯m, 40 fs) irradiation of the water layer of an aerated benzene/water (B/W) bilayer solution. Focusing intense femtosecond laser pulses onto water creates a high density of reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals in a well-confined volume; i.e., plasma filament. The properties of the particle surface were controlled simply by adjusting the laser focusing position, the duration between the preparation of B/W bilayer solution and the laser irradiation. The hydrophobic CNPs appeared to be nearly identical in size and morphology to hydrophilic CNPs. Raman spectroscopy revealed that both particles had a graphitic and disordered structure; however, IR spectroscopy clearly showed that the hydroxy group is the origin of the hydrophilicity. The time evolution of particle formation, products in water, and benzene dissolution behavior in water reveals that the surface properties are determined by the concentration of benzene in water. The diluted aqueous benzene solution gave hydrophilic particles; however, the density of particles was much smaller than that formed in B/W bilayer solution. We concluded that the production of denser hydrophilic CNPs in B/W bilayer was achieved by limiting the concentration of benzene in water layer by B/W interface, and by continuously supplying benzene into water layer through B/W interface. We discuss the subsequent reaction mechanism leading to CNPs of different surface characters.

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“…Srinivasan and Ghosh reported the ablation of liquid benzene by a 248 nm pulse, and they ascribed the phenomenon to photochemical decomposition following two-photon absorption. 30 On the other hand, Buck and Hess pointed out the importance of photothermal decomposition by investigating ablation of benzene ͑amorphous film at low temperature͒ using the same excita-a͒ Present address: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo, Kyoto 606, Japan. b͒ Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switching from photochemical to photothermal mechanism in laser ablation of benzene solutions

Hatanaka

Kawao

Tsuboi

et al. 1997

Journal of Applied Physics

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Nanosecond KrF excimer laser ablation of benzyl chloride, benzyl alcohol, toluene, ethylbenzene, and n-propylbenzene diluted in n-hexane, n-heptane, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane was investigated by time-resolved photographic, photoacoustic, and absorbance measurements. Ablation threshold values, Fth, for high concentration solutions (α=250 cm−1, 0.6–1 M) were confirmed to be correlated to photochemical reactivity (β-bond cleavage) of the solute molecules, whereas no distinct relation between Fth and boiling point of solvents was observed. Time-resolved absorbance at the laser wavelength was almost constant during the excitation pulse, which means that the main light-absorbing molecules were fixed to the ground-state solutes. It is considered that this type of ablation is initiated by the photochemical fragmentation. On the contrary, Fth observed in relatively low concentration solutions (α=25 cm−1, 0.06–0.1 M) were about twice higher than those for the high concentration solutions, and had no direct correlation with the photochemical reactivity of the solute molecules. The time-resolved absorbance increased during the excitation pulse, and was ascribed to the fact that benzyl radicals produced by the photodissociation of solute molecules absorbed the excitation photons and converted them into heat through “a cyclic multiphotonic absorption process.” Furthermore, morphological aspects observed in nanosecond photography exhibited appreciable differences by varying the solute concentrations. These results clearly mean a concentration-dependent ablation mechanism; the ablation mechanism of the benzene derivative solutions switches from photochemical to photothermal as the solute concentration decreases.

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Ablation of liquid benzene by pulsed ultraviolet (248 or 308 nm) laser radiation

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

The role of the photochemical fragmentation in laser ablation: a molecular dynamics study

The role of the photochemical fragmentation in laser ablation: a molecular dynamics study

Synthesis of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Carbon Nanoparticles from Benzene/Water Bilayer Solution with Femtosecond Laser Generated Plasma Filaments in Water

Switching from photochemical to photothermal mechanism in laser ablation of benzene solutions

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