Ablation of carbon-based materials: Investigation of roughness set-up from heterogeneous reactions

Duffa, Georges; Vignoles, Gérard L.; Goyhénèche, Jean‐Marc; Aspa, Yvan

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.02.036

Cited by 45 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, the formation of scallops does not appear to depend on the microscopic mechanisms that control how solid is removed. Similar patterns are observed due to melting in water-filled ice caves (figure 11a), on the undersurface of ice in rivers, on meteorites (Lin & Qun 1986; figure 11b), re-entry vehicles and impact ejecta surfaces (chemical and thermal ablation; Ernstson (2004); Duffa et al (2005)), on subliming ice (Bintanja 1999;Bintanja et al 2001), on snow on the Earth and Mars, on cohesive bed forms in fluvial systems (Allen 1971) and on the surfaces of corroding metal pipes (Villien et al 2001). The formation of scallops on re-entry vehicles and their effects on heat transfer were investigated as part of the Passive Nosetip Technology (PANT) Program in the 1970s (Derbridge & Wool 1974;Wool 1975) and other large research programmes related to weapon development and space applications.…”

Section: Scallopssupporting

confidence: 59%

Geological pattern formation by growth and dissolution in aqueous systems

Meakin

Jamtveit

2009

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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Progress towards the development of a better understanding of the formation of geological patterns in wet systems due to precipitation and dissolution is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the formation of terraces, stalactites, stalagmites and other carbonate patterns due to precipitation from flowing supersaturated solutions and the formation of scallops by dissolution in undersaturated turbulent fluids. In addition, the formation of spherulites, dendrites and very large, essentially euhedral, crystals is discussed. In most cases, the formation of very similar patterns as a result of the freezing/melting of ice and the precipitation/dissolution of minerals strongly suggests that complexity associated with aqueous chemistry, interfacial chemistry and biological processes has only a secondary effect on these pattern formation processes.

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Section: Scallopssupporting

confidence: 59%

Geological pattern formation by growth and dissolution in aqueous systems

Meakin

Jamtveit

2009

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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“…Accordingly, it will be called structural roughness to make a difference with a purely physical roughness, which has already been observed on homogeneous materials and modeled [3]. This physical roughness consists in scalloped morphologies and is not correlated to material structure.…”

Section: Materials Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical modeling of the steady state ablation of a 3D C/C composite

Lachaud

Aspa

Vignoles

2008

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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104

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Following an analysis of surface roughness features that develop on a 3D C/C composite during ablation, i.e. wall recession by oxidation and/or sublimation, a modeling strategy is set up in order to predict the composite behavior from that of its components. It relies on two changes of scale: (i) microscopic scale (fiber, matrix) to mesoscopic scale (bundle) and (ii) mesoscopic scale (bundle, matrix) to macroscopic scale (composite). The physical basis is a general model for receding surfaces under a gasification process coupled to mass transfer. At each scale, the 3D surface equation is analytically solved in steady state considering a 1D mass transfer perpendicular to the overall surface. The models are validated by comparison to experimental data.

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“…One can take the example of carbon. As a matter of fact, the mechanism that we discuss here could be at the origin of scallops or crosshatching that has been evidenced on nose tips made of carbon and placed in high-enthalpy, high velocity plasma flows simulating atmospheric re-entry conditions [27]; it constitutes a more plausible scenario than a previous one [28], which contained an unnoticed algebraic error. Taking a typical temperature T 0 ≃ 3800 K, the physical parameters are κ s ≃ 200 W/m/K, L ≃ 6 10 , whose values are so different to those for ice: respectively 3 10 −2 , 24 and 4 10 4 .…”

Section: Dispersion Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical processes causing the formation of penitentes

et al. 2015

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Snow penitentes form in sublimation conditions by differential ablation. Here we investigate the physical processes at the initial stage of penitente growth and perform the linear stability analysis of a flat surface submitted to the solar heat flux. We show that these patterns do not simply result from the self-illumination of the surface-a scale-free process-but are primarily controlled by vapor diffusion and heat conduction. The wavelength at which snow penitentes emerge is derived and discussed. We found that it is controlled by aerodynamic mixing of vapor above the ice surface.

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Ablation of carbon-based materials: Investigation of roughness set-up from heterogeneous reactions

Cited by 45 publications

References 9 publications

Geological pattern formation by growth and dissolution in aqueous systems

Geological pattern formation by growth and dissolution in aqueous systems

Analytical modeling of the steady state ablation of a 3D C/C composite

Physical processes causing the formation of penitentes

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