Abiotic and Biotic Factors Regulating Inter-Kingdom Engagement between Insects and Microbe Activity on Vertebrate Remains

Jordan, Heather R.; Tomberlin, Jeffery K.

doi:10.3390/insects8020054

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…Translocation is a process whereby microbes, many of which are commensals during life, move from the gastrointestinal tract to other regions of the remains . These microbes contribute significantly to decomposition (e.g., putrefaction) and can release volatile organic compounds that attract insects and scavengers . Recent postmortem microbiology has demonstrated that bacterial phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria are regularly associated with decomposing remains regardless of carcass species, season, or soil type .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experiment to Characterize the Decomposer Community Associated with Carcasses (Sus scrofa domesticus) on Oahu, Hawaii

Dibner

Valdez

Carter

2019

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) carcasses were decomposed on the soil surface of a terrestrial habitat on the island of Oahu, Hawaii to begin characterizing the decomposer community. Results showed that carcasses can decompose rapidly on Oahu, primarily due to the activity of fly larvae, with ~80% of mass lost by 8 days (~220 ADD) postmortem. Scavenging was conducted exclusively by the small Indian mongoose (Herpestes javanicus), first feeding on larvae then feeding on the remains. Carcasses were habitats of warm temperature, little to no oxygen, slightly acidic/neutral pH, and high sodium concentration. Larval masses selected for a microbial community comprised of multiple bacterial taxa from phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, particularly genera Clostridium, Proteus, and Providencia. These larval masses were well established from 3 to 8 days (~90 to ~220 ADD) postmortem. These data provide helpful, novel insight into the structure and activity of carcass decomposer communities on Oahu.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experiment to Characterize the Decomposer Community Associated with Carcasses (Sus scrofa domesticus) on Oahu, Hawaii

Dibner

Valdez

Carter

2019

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Flies played an important role in transmitting foodborne pathogen. From the study of Jordan and Tomberlin (2017), it was found that, flies gave a higher prevalence of pathogens when compared to other collected samples from kitchen. Other than that, the hands of the worker are a great tool in transmitting pathogenic bacteria as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence and antibiotic profile of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in beef and buffalo

Kwan¹,

Chang²,

Loo³

et al. 2018

Food Res.

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Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli bacteria are well known to be the pathogenic bacteria that cause traveler diarrhea. E. coli O157: H7 from the group of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli cause even severe infection which can lead to fatality for humans. In this study, local beef and Indian buffalo were selected to determine the presence of Shiga-toxin producing E. coli and E. coli O157: H7 using Most Probable Number-Polymerase Chain Reaction (MPN-PCR) method. Among 108 samples, eight (7.41%) samples from local beef and Indian buffalo were detected a positive on E. coli O157: H7 while thirteen (12.04%) samples were detected positive for Shiga-toxin producing E. coli gene. Out of 108 samples, eleven isolates of E. coli O157: H7 were successfully isolated in order to carry out the antibiotic susceptibility test. Shiga-toxin producing E. coli isolates were found susceptible to ceftazidime (100%), moxifloxacin (83.33%), sulphamethoxazole (66.67%), ampicillin (50%), amoxycillin (50%), ciprofloxacin (50%), erythromycin (33.33%) and penicillin G (33.33%). E. coli O157: H7 isolates were susceptible toward erythromycin (100%), ceftazidime (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%) and moxifloxacin (100%), sulphamethoxazole (60%), ampicillin (20%), amoxycillin (20%), and penicillin G (0%). The safety of both local beef and Indian buffalo was challenged by the presence of both Shiga-toxin producing E. coli and E. coli O157: H7. Better and safer ways of removing the pathogen from local beef and Indian buffalo should be researched more deeply.

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“…Generally, the decomposition process happens faster in humid climates. Hence, a colder environment and lesser relative humidity will thwart microbial proliferation to a degree (Jordan and Tomberlin, 2017).…”

Section: Environmental and Population-based Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome in Death and Beyond: Current Vistas and Future Trends

et al. 2021

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Forensic medicine has, for a long time, been relying on biochemical, anthropologic, and histopathologic evidences in solving various investigations. However, depending on the method used, lengthy sample processing time, scanty sample, and less sensitivity and accuracy pervade these procedures. Accordingly, newer arenas such as the thanatomicrobiome have come forward to aid in its quandaries; furthermore, the parallel advances in genomic and proteomic techniques have complemented and are still emerging to be used in forensic experiments and investigations. Postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important aspects of medico-legal investigations. The current trend in PMI estimation is toward genomic analyses of autopsy samples. Similarly, determination of cause of death, although a domain of medical sciences, is being targeted as the next level of forensic casework. With the current trend in laboratory sciences moving to the discovery of newer disease-specific markers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, the same is being explored for the determination of the cause of death by using techniques such as Real-Time PCR, DNA micro-array, to Next-Gen Sequencing. Establishing an individual’s biological profile has been done using medicolegal methods and anthropology as well as bar-bodies/Davidson bodies (gender determination); and in cases where the determination of age/gender is a challenge using morphological characteristics; the recent advances in the field of genomics and proteomics have played a significant role, e.g., use of mitochondrial DNA in age estimation and in maternity disputes. The major hurdle forensic medical research faces is the fact that most of the studies are conducted in animal models, which are often difficult to mimic in human and real-time scenarios. Additionally, the high accuracy required in criminal investigations to be used in a court of law as evidence has prevented these results to come out of the labs and be used to the optimum. The current review aims at giving a comprehensive and critical account of the various molecular biology techniques including “thanatogenomics,” currently being utilized in the veritable fields of forensic medicine.

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Abiotic and Biotic Factors Regulating Inter-Kingdom Engagement between Insects and Microbe Activity on Vertebrate Remains

Cited by 34 publications

References 150 publications

An Experiment to Characterize the Decomposer Community Associated with Carcasses (Sus scrofa domesticus) on Oahu, Hawaii

An Experiment to Characterize the Decomposer Community Associated with Carcasses (Sus scrofa domesticus) on Oahu, Hawaii

Prevalence and antibiotic profile of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli and Escherichia coli O157: H7 in beef and buffalo

Microbiome in Death and Beyond: Current Vistas and Future Trends

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