Ability to Distinguish Genuine From Non-Genuine Smiles in Children Aged 10- To 12-Years: Associations With Peer Status, Gender, Social Anxiety and Level of Empathy

Vassilopoulos, Stephanos P.; Vlachou, Elisavet; Brouzos, Andreas; Moberly, Nicholas J.; Misailidi, Plousia; Diakogiorgi, Kleopatra

doi:10.26262/hjp.v18i1.7978

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Social cognitive function was assessed using a video-based facial expression recognition task called the “Fake Smile Detection Task,” which is published on the webpage BBC-Spot the Fake Smile 74 and has been used to examine social cognitive function in non-patient adults and children 75 – 77 . The task involved watching 20 different 4-s videos and determining whether the person’s smile in the video was “genuine” or “fake.” A genuine smile or the Duchenne smile has been defined as a smile that not only lifts the edges of the lips but also involves movement of the orbicularis oculus muscle and is known to be associated with enjoyment and other positive emotions 78 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal volume mediates the relationship of parental rejection in childhood with social cognition in healthy adults

Kawamoto,

Takagishi,

Ishihara

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Childhood abuse reduces hippocampal and amygdala volumes and impairs social cognition, including the ability to recognize facial expressions. However, these associations have been studied primarily in individuals with a history of severe abuse and psychiatric symptoms; researchers have not determined whether these associations can also be observed in healthy adults. In the present study, we analyzed data from 400 healthy adults (208 men and 192 women) at Tamagawa University. Parental rejection reflecting childhood abuse was assessed using the short form of Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran, while social cognition was assessed using the “Fake Smile Detection Task.” Hippocampal and amygdala volumes were extracted from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data using FreeSurfer. We found that greater parental rejection resulted in smaller hippocampal and amygdala volumes and poorer performance in the Fake Smile Detection Task. Structural equation modeling analysis supported the model that hippocampal volume mediates maternal rejection effect on performance on the Fake Smile Detection Task, with involvement of the amygdala. These findings are in line with the structural and functional connectivity found between the hippocampus and amygdala and their joint involvement in social cognition. Therefore, parental rejection may affect hippocampal and amygdala volumes and social cognitive function even in symptom-free adults.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%