Abfangen und Einspeisen von Energie in Farbstoff-Zeolith-Nanoantennen

Maas, Huub; Calzaferri, Gion

doi:10.1002/1521-3757(20020703)114:13<2389::aid-ange2389>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[17] Dye-loaded zeolite L crystals can be functionalized with the so-called stopcock molecules. [12,[17][18][19] These molecules have a tail that penetrates into the channels and a head which is too bulky to enter ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stopcocks allow communication between the encapsulated dyes and the chemical environment outside the zeolite L, for example, by means of fluorescence resonance energy transfer, FRET. [19] The zeolite L crystals can be further organized to form an oriented monolayer, in which the crystals are aligned with the c axis perpendicular to a substrate, to which they are covalently bonded. [17,20] Therefore, a highly anisotropic material can be built, which is very important in the design of monodirectional photonic antennae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proton Activity Inside the Channels of Zeolite L

Albuquerque

Calzaferri

2007

Chemistry A European J

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The proton activity inside the channels of zeolite L has been studied by investigating dye-loaded zeolite L crystals under different conditions, such as water content, nature of the counterions, and nature of the solvent. The discussion is made within the frame of three types of dye-loaded zeolite L systems, classified according to their ability to exchange matter (dyes, cations, solvent, and other small molecules) with the environment. The classification refers to dye-loaded zeolites. The term "closed" and "semi-open" characterize different possibilities of the channels to exchange small molecules, cations, and solvent molecules with the environment, but not dyes. The "open" systems also allow for dye exchange. UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy have been used to observe the proton activity inside the zeolite L channels. The influence of the proton activity on the luminescence of encapsulated dyes is discussed, special attention being given to luminescence quenching by excited-state protonation. Partially proton-exchanged zeolite L can be a superacid, whereas for the M-exchanged form (M: K(+), Li(+), Cs(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+)) the pH ranges from about 2.5 to 3.5. For these last forms, the differences in pH are due to the acid-base reactions of the respective metal cations with water inside the zeolite. Finally, we describe an easy experimental procedure that can be used to tune the proton activity inside the zeolite L to a considerable extent.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Activity Inside the Channels of Zeolite L

Albuquerque

Calzaferri

2007

Chemistry A European J

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“…Only the label and the spacer can enter the channels due to size restrictions,5 and, depending on the reactivity of the label, they can either be reversibly or irreversibly attached. While fluorescent stopcocks can be used to extract or inject electronic excitation energy from or into the zeolite L crystals by radiationless Förster‐type energy transfer,6–8 others can be used to block the channel entrances against small molecules such as oxygen or water, or to hinder encapsulated dye molecules from leaving the channels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Functionalization of the Channel Entrances of Zeolite L Crystals

Huber¹,

Calzaferri²

2004

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Protecting group chemistry was used to functionalize the channel entrances of zeolite L crystals. This approach is broadly applicable and can be used to obtain a wide range of new zeolite‐based materials. The picture shows two microcrystals modified with amino groups at the channel entrances, which reacted further with a red‐luminescent head molecule. FG=functionalizing group, prot.=protector.

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“…However, the low interlayer conductivity in such layered metal oxide semiconductors (LMOS) favors charge recombination at the external surface over electron migration to platinum clusters contained within the semiconductor particles. [114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123] Zeolites are suitable hosts for specific organization of chromophores and for the investigation of changes of their optical properties due to interaction with different environments. Since low interlayer conductivity is inherent in two-dimensional solids of this type, oxide semiconductors that have zeolitic channel structures, may be preferable to layered structures.…”

Section: Light-harvesting: Structure Prototypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mimicking the antenna systems in green plants, artificial photonic antenna systems have been realized by incorporating organic dyes in nanoporous or microporous materials and by choosing conditions such that the cavities are able to uptake only monomers but not aggregates. [114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123] Zeolites are suitable hosts for specific organization of chromophores and for the investigation of changes of their optical properties due to interaction with different environments. Gion Calzaferri and co-workers [114,116,121] demonstrated that zeolite L is a very versatile and ideal host for dye loading.…”

Section: Dye Sensitization: Visible-light Response Prototypementioning

confidence: 99%

An Insight into Artificial Leaves for Sustainable Energy Inspired by Natural Photosynthesis

2010

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The development of green sustainable energy to control our carbon‐based energy “addiction” and to reduce atmospheric CO2 emissions is one of the most urgent issues regarding the continued existence of man on planet earth. Among renewable energy resources, solar energy is by far the largest exploitable resource. Photosynthesis provides a blueprint for solar energy conversion and storage in fuels. Natural green leaves capture and convert solar energy into chemical fuel through photosynthesis. The two reactions are the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen (water splitting) and the reduction of CO2 into carbohydrates (CO2 reduction). Inspired by natural leaves, constructing artificial leaves by mimicking photosynthesis to capture solar energy, split water into hydrogen and oxygen, and convert atmospheric carbon dioxide, thus producing various forms of environmentally clean fuels, is of high significance. Many major advances in this research area are highlighted in this Minireview. Some typical successful prototypes from natural systems that can be used for the biomimetic design of artificial leaves are particularly emphasized.

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Abfangen und Einspeisen von Energie in Farbstoff-Zeolith-Nanoantennen

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Proton Activity Inside the Channels of Zeolite L

Proton Activity Inside the Channels of Zeolite L

Sequential Functionalization of the Channel Entrances of Zeolite L Crystals

An Insight into Artificial Leaves for Sustainable Energy Inspired by Natural Photosynthesis

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