Aberrations du Premier Ordre des Systèmes Catoptriques Asymétriques Application au Microscope X à Réflexion Totale

Abstract

December x954Aberrations elu premier ordre des syst6mes catoptriques asym~triques Application au microscope X ~ r6flexion totaleSo~Mhm~.--L'auieur prdsente une dtude ddtaill~e de l'astigmatisme et de la distorsion des sgst~mes r~fldehissanls asgmdtriques, en rue de l'amglioration des rdsultats obtenus avec le microscope X ~ rdflexion rotate. It indique les diverses possibilitds de correction.ZUSAMM~SrASSU~. --Der Verfasser besch]~tigt sich eingehend mit dem Astigmalismus und der Verzeichnung bei asgmmetrisehen Spiegelsystemen, im Hinblick au[ die Verbesserung eines ROntgensirahlmikroskopes unter Benutzung der Totalre[lexion. Es ergeben sich dabei verschiedene MSglichkeiten einer Korrektion dieser Fehler. SUMMARY. --The author presents a detailed study o[ astigmalism and distortion o~ asgmzlrical reflecting systems, with special re[erence to the possibility of improving the results obtained with the total reflection X Rags Microscope. Various possibilities o[ correction are mentioned.FIG, 1.

Application of a single-reflection collimating multilayer optic for X-ray diffraction experiments employing parallel-beam geometry

“…One possibility is the Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry, where two crossed one-dimensional mirrors are simply mounted in a serial manner (Kirkpatrick & Baez, 1948). The other possibility is a Montel geometry, where the mirrors are mounted side-by-side (Montel, 1954). The main advantage of the latter is that both mirrors are identical, as their distance to the source and the sample is the same for both.…”

“…X-ray multilayer optics with parabolic shape and a thickness gradient in one plane (one-dimensional mirrors) were introduced in the 1990s as a tool to collimate a divergent X-ray beam by Bragg diffraction in this plane (Schuster & Gö bel, 1995). To achieve horizontal and vertical collimation of the X-ray beam, as is particularly desired in X-ray diffraction analyses operated in a point-focus configuration, up to now a serial arrangement [called Kirkpatrick-Baez (K-B) optic; Kirkpatrick & Baez, 1948] or a side-by-side arrangement (called Montel optic; Montel, 1954), consisting of two mirrors oriented perpendicular to each other, had to be employed and thus the X-rays had to be reflected twice. The single-reflection collimating multilayer optic employed in this work is of parabolic shape with respect to two mutually perpendicular planes (i.e.…”

Brighter X-ray sources for the home-laboratory

“…These optics can be configured for maximum parallelism of the beam (Göbel mirrors) or in a side-by-side Kirckpartick-Baez scheme as conceived by Montel in the 1950's [2] to optimize flux density. Combining modern powerful X-ray sources with the latest detector technology makes it possible to measure data in a fraction of the time needed for traditional diffraction systems.…”

“…Here, we report the crystal structure of the C45S mutant of the homologue of human peroxiredoxin 6 in the marine worm Arenicola Marina. This annelid lives in intertidal flats with considerable amount of sulphide [2]. The human peroxiredoxin 6 belongs to the 1-Cys subgroup.…”