Aberration-corrected three-dimensional positioning with a single-shot metalens array

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) positioning with the correction of imaging aberrations in the photonic platform remains challenging. Here, we combine techniques from nanophotonics and machine vision to significantly improve the imaging and positioning performance. We use a titanium dioxide metalens array operating in the visible region to realize multipole imaging and introduce a cross-correlation-based gradient descent algorithm to analyze the intensity distribution in the image plane. This corrects the monochromatic aberrations to improve the imaging quality. Analysis of the two-dimensional aberration-corrected information in the image plane enables the 3D coordinates of the object to be determined with a measured relative accuracy of 0.60%–1.31%. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of the metalens array for arbitrary incident polarization states. Our approach is single-shot, compact, aberration-corrected, polarization-insensitive, and paves the way for future integrated photonic robotic vision systems and intelligent sensing platforms that are feasible on the submillimeter scale, such as face recognition, autonomous vehicles, microrobots, and wearable intelligent devices.

Dielectric Metalens: Properties and Three-Dimensional Imaging Applications

“…The paper suggests that the Laplacian (2D second order differentiation) of the input wavefront is conducted optically without any digital processing, and edge detection of certain samples with high resolution is achieved by a simple combination of a conventional microscope and a designed metasurface ( Figure 9 e). There are also various interesting studies about metalens and metasurface applications which can extract various geometric information of objects [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ] or reconstruct three-dimensional images for near-eye display [ 58 , 59 , 60 ], which are not discussed here.…”

Manipulation of matter with shaped-pulse light field and its applications

“…A novel optical OAM control named 'mode-splitting' can produce an arbitrary OAM state with vector polarization [78], as shown in Figure 5. Furthermore, some advances in the photonic platform have brought in many new phenomena and advantages to manipulate the light fields [79][80][81].…”

Spatial Coherence Manipulation on the Statistical Photonic Platform

“…2d). The statistical metasurface can be readily fabricated with the standard atomic layer deposition method 37,38 The speckle can be viewed as a coherent superposition of the incident light, and the light coming from the speckle should also be coherent 39 . In contrast, the light coming from different light speckles is separated by different superposition processes, such as the low-intensity areas between the speckles resulting from statistically averaged superposition.…”

“…2d). The statistical metasurface can be readily fabricated with the standard atomic layer deposition method 37,38 through single-step lithography. The scanning electron micrograph of the fabricated sample in our experiments is shown in Fig.…”