Aberrant Microsporogenesis and Sterility in Impatiens Sultani (Balsaminaceae)

Abstract

Three mutants of Impatiens sultani (named as ‘Orange', ‘Crimson', and ‘Pink') show an unusually wide spectrum of aberrations in microsporogenesis. These aberrations range from premeiotic cytomixis to meiotic and postmeiotic irregularities such as precocious disjunction, tripolar separation of chromosomes, chromosome bridges, various patterns of atypical cytokinesis, supernumerary divisions of the meiotic products, and irregular divisions in the microspore. As a result of these abnormalities Orange is partially and Crimson and Pink are completely pollen sterile. The stigmas of Pink, besides, do not support pollen germination. The failure of pollen germination is attributed to the defective stigmatic fluid of Pink, which, compared to that of Orange and Crimson lacks organic compounds absorbing UV light at 261 nm. This constitutive deficiency in stigmatic fluid appears to be a little investigated facet of female sterility.

Causes of Partial Male Sterility in an Inbred Maize Line.

“…sizes has been reported for Pisum sativum (Nirmala and Kaul 1994a), Houttuynia cordata (Takahashi 1986), Glycine max ( Albertsen and Palmer 1979, Skorupska and Nawracala 1980, Skorupska and Palmer 1990, Hordeum vulgare (Kaul and Nirmala 1991), and Impatiens sultani (Tara and Namboodiri 1974). The frequency of these types of irregularities was high also in the present study.…”

A total evidence approach using palynological characters to infer the complex evolutionary history of the Asian Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

“…Since comprehensive pollen morphological study on angiosperms, including Impatiens pollen, several palynological studies have been carried out that focused on the pollen morphology of Impatiens (Narayana & Sayeeduddin, 1959;Huynh, 1966Huynh, , 1968Bhaskar & Razi 1973, 1979Tara & Namboodri, 1974;Bhaskar & al., 1975;Moore & Webb, 1978;Grey-Wilson, 1980b;Lu, 1991;Perveen & Qaiser, 2001;Janssens & al., 2005Janssens & al., , 2009aJanssens & al., , 2011Vinckier & al., 2012). Despite these studies, the pollen morphology of Impatiens is still underexamined due to the large size of the genus.…”

Aberrant microsporogenesis in Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) and its bearing on the taxonomy of the genus.

“…These ranged from pentets to nine or more cells per quartet, and some contained cells with micronuclei which probably contain the chromatin of laggards and bridge frag ments. The only previous indication that this phenomenon occurs in Impatiens was the depiction of multiple nuclei in the quartet cells of the three sterile, or partially sterile, cultivars of I, walleriana studied in the study by Tara and Namboodiri (1974). Multiple microspores are of sporadic occurrence throughout the Angiosperms having been reported in Fragaria L. (Ichijima 1926) , Prunus L. (Darlington 1928), Glycine L. (Ahmad et al 1979), Triticeae Dumort.…”

“…In the former, unequal segregation was observed by Nakamura (1935Nakamura ( , 1936, Smith (1938) , Raghavan et al (1939), and Raghuvanshi and Joshi (1986). Although most authors have reported that meiosis is normal, or nearly normal in I. walleriana, Tara andNamboodiri (1974, 1976) did observe a broad spectrum of meiotic abnormalities in three cultivated varieties of this species including precocious separation of the chromosomes, bridges, and irregular divisions of the pollen nucleus; not surprisingly the plants were sterile or semi-sterile. There are few observations on meiotic aber rations in wild populations.…”