Abdominal Wall Dyskinesia: Case Report

Abstract

The clinical presentation of repetitive choreiform involuntary movements of the anterior abdominal wall was first introduced as "belly dancer's dyskinesia." Etiologies of this rare condition include idiopathic causes, medication inducement, or post-abdominal surgery. We report a case of orobuccal stereotypic movements and abdominal wall dyskinesia secondary to prochlorperazine intake. The movements began 2 weeks after cessation of prochlorperazine. The patient took this dopamine receptor-blocking medication for 6 months to treat nausea due to chemotherapy. To our knowledge, abdominal wall dyskinesia as a tardive syndrome of prochlorperazine has not been previously reported.

Belly Dancer’s Dyskinesia: 3 Cases of a Rare Entity

“…Though it is still a rare movement disorder presenting with undulating, writhing contractions of abdominal muscles, BDD requires extensive evaluation not only of the current status but also of the patient's medical history including previous as well as current medication (compare diagnostic work-up in our cases summarized in Table 1 ). In particular, medications that regulate dopaminergic transmission have been reported to be associated with this dyskinesia [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. However, in our cases, a history of dopamine-regulating medication could be ruled out.…”

“…Spinal tumors [ 7 ] induced BDD and it also occurred during pregnancy as well as after child delivery and abdominal surgery indicative of local neural irritation [ 8 ]. Interestingly, drug-induced BDD seems to be the most common form of this movement disorder with L-Dopa and antidopaminergics like quetiapine and prochlorperazine as well as other agents like domperidone, clebopride, and salbutamol having been identified [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Symptomatic therapy beyond withdrawal of accountable substances includes benzodiazepines like clonazepam or diazepam, the sodium channel blocker levetiracetam, botulinum toxin injection as well as transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation and deep brain stimulation [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 8 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

A Case Report of Belly Dancer Dyskinesia in a 54 Years Old Female: Gastroenterology Meets Neurology

“…Neuroleptic drugs acting on dopaminergic receptor agonists, and antagonists have also been shown to induce belly dancer's dyskinesia in a number of cases. [3][4][5][6] Even though the pathogenesis of BDD is not clearly understood, central or peripheral nerve lesions that result in hyper-excitability of the respiratory center of the rostral medulla are implicated in the pathophysiology. 4 A report by Roggendorf et al attributes an ongoing but deficient striatal reorganization process to be the culprit in the pathogenesis of BDD, in a case of central pontine myelinolysis.…”

“…2 Temporal associations of neuroleptic drugs, like levodopa, galantamine, prochlorperazine, and clebopride, with the onset of symptoms of BDD, have been found in some cases. [3][4][5][6] During pregnancy and post-partum periods, its occurrence has been attributed to thoracic cord compression by the gravid uterus. 7 Centrally, the respiratory center of the rostral medulla has also been implicated in its pathophysiology.…”

The Curious Case of Abdominal Dyskinesia: the Philippines’ First Reported Case

“…Cessation of the medication caused complete resolution of the abdominal wall movements. 20 Since our patient has taken anti-tuberculosis medications, a thorough search of the literature was done to look for similar cases. No prior literature has revealed any association between pyrazinamide, rifampicin, isoniazid, nor ethambutol with abdominal dyskinesia.…”