Abdominal Hernia Repair With a Decellularized Dermal Scaffold Seeded With Autologous Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Surgeons usually use synthetic polymer meshes for abdominal wall hernia repair. However, synthetic polymer meshes exhibit a lack of growth and related complications. In this study, we produced a tissue-engineered patch for abdominal hernia repair. Autologous bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and proliferated in vitro; decellularized dermal scaffolds (DSs) were prepared using enzymatic process; and then BMSCs were seeded onto the DSs for the construction of tissue-engineered patches. Under general anesthesia, rabbits underwent creation of abdominal wall defects and which were repaired with BMSC-seeded DSs, acellular DSs, and skin sutures only, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after 2 months for assessing the histological and gross examination. Abdominal hernias were absent in animals repaired with cell-seeded group, and abdominal hernias or bulges appeared in all animals repaired with acellular group. All the animals that were not repaired died within 10 days. The cell-seeded implants were thicker and indicated good angiogenesis compared with that of the acellular implants, both in histological and gross examination. The tissue-engineered patches prepared with BMSCs seeding on DSs can be used for abdominal wall hernia repair.

Adipose-Derived Stem-Cell-Seeded Non-Cross-Linked Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix Increases Cellular Infiltration, Vascular Infiltration, and Mechanical Strength of Ventral Hernia Repairs

“…30,49,50 For instance, Xing et al 50 used amnion-derived progenitor cells in laparotomies, and Zhao et al 49 used bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells seeded onto decellularized dermal scaffolds in abdominal wall repairs. We have also previously used rat-derived ASCs to show enhanced cellularization and vascularization at 2 weeks in hernia repairs.…”

Iron oxide-based multifunctional nanoparticulate systems for biomedical applications: a patent review (2008 – present)

“…Using this strategy, MRI contrast agents-labeled stem cells can be monitored for their movement, localization/migration, survival/proliferation, and differentiation. In addition to a wide range of applications in cell-based therapies, such as ischemic [73], immune [74], and neurodegeneration [75] diseases, stem cells have demonstrated outstanding promise in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, for example, in the regeneration of injured heart [76], cartilage [77], and bone tissue [78]. For these purposes, IO NPs surface modified with D-mannose [79], poly(L-lysine) [80], poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) [81], and oligoperoxide have been prepared and investigated as probes for stem cell labeling [82].…”

Preparation of a nano- and micro-fibrous decellularized scaffold seeded with autologous mesenchymal stem cells for inguinal hernia repair

“…Thus, it is important to understand not only the biological response to degradable biomaterials but also the mechanical properties of the implanted tissues over time. 16 Also, this suggests that acellular collagen-based matrices alone may be insufficient scaffolds for abdominal wall reconstruction. [16][17][18] The attenuation of graft strength over time is definitely a limitation of the acellular matrices that needs to be overcome.…”

“…16 Also, this suggests that acellular collagen-based matrices alone may be insufficient scaffolds for abdominal wall reconstruction. [16][17][18] The attenuation of graft strength over time is definitely a limitation of the acellular matrices that needs to be overcome. 15 Earlier it was found that scaffolds seeded with cells exhibited stronger mechanical properties than the acellular matrices.…”

“…13 These materials are easy for cell ingrowth, less susceptible to infection, and less likely to cause foreign body response. 12 However, naturally derived materials tend to degrade and the mechanical strength and tensile strength decrease over time after implantation, [14][15][16] which causes concern in clinical applications as tensile properties are necessities for grafts. Thus, it is important to understand not only the biological response to degradable biomaterials but also the mechanical properties of the implanted tissues over time.…”